INDEX. 



603 



Spiders, 98; circulation in, 293; respi- 

 ration in, 323 ; nervous system of, 447; 

 instincts of, 698, 700. 



Spinal column, 71, 626632. 



Spinal cord, 72, 451, 460; independent 

 powers of, 464 474; nerves, 451, 457, 

 460. 



Spiracles of Insects, 320322. 



Spleen, uses of, 224. 



Sponge, 136, 137; circulation in, 296. 



Stammering, 691. 



Standing posture, 650 654. 



Star-fish, 116119; reparative power of, 

 389; nervous system of, 434; develop- 

 ment of. 741. 



Sternum, 633. 



Stereoscope, 561. 



Stomach, need of in animals, 8 ; form of, 

 197; in Ruminants, 198, 199; move- 

 ments of, 206. 



Stomato-gastric system of nerves, 447 

 450. 



Stork, 653, 



Strychnia, action of, 474. 



Sturgeon, continued action of heart of, 

 583. 



Sucking, act of, 172,472. 



Suffocation, 338, 339. 



Sugar, formation of by liver, 366. 



Sulphur in animal bodies, 166; sources 

 of, 167. 



Supra-renal capsules, 224. 



Sutures, 602. 



Swallowing, act of, 192196. 



Swimming, act of, 663 666. 



Symmetry of disease, 380. 



Sympathetic system of nerves, 60, 61, 

 461, 462. 



Syncope, 271. 



Synovial membranes, 44. 



Syntonin, 16. 



T. 



Tadpole, 9597; circulation in, 287 

 288. 



Tailor-bird, nest of, 705. 



Tape-worm, 105 ; development of, 742. 



Tardigrada, drying-up of, 66. 



Taste, sense of, 499, 503. 



Taurine, 364. 



Tauro-cholic acid, 368. 



Teeth, structure of, 54 ; development of, 

 174; cutting of, 175; cessation of 

 growth of> 176; continued growth of, 

 177; structure of, 178180; different 

 kinds of, 181183; first set of, 184; 

 motion of, in mastication, 178 180. 



Teething, convulsions of, 174, 473, 474. 



Tellina, 316. 



Temperament, 718 



Temperature, sense of, 497. 



Tendons, structure of, 29; attachment 

 of muscles by, 605. 



Testacella, 106. 



Testis, 731. 



Tetanus, 380. 



Thalami optici, 458. 



Thigh, bone and muscles of, 646. 



Thoracic duct, 221. 



Thorax, 328; movements of, 332. 



Thumb, uses of, 643; reproduction of, 

 390. 



Thunny, temperature of, 405. 



Thymus gland, 224. 



Thyroid cartilage, 680. 

 gland, 224. 



Timbre of Sounds, 524. 



Tissues, of Animals, distinctive pecu- 

 liarities of, 10 12; chemical composi- 

 tion of, 1321; fibrous, 2230; mem- 

 branous, 37 45; osseous, 49 54; cel- 

 lular, 3236, 4648 ; muscular, 55 

 59; nervous, 60 63; degeneration of, 

 from want of use, 58 ; continual decay 

 and renewal of, 67, 68; self-formative 

 power of, 382, 387; reproduction of, 

 390. 



Tongue, nerves of, 501 ; mechanical 

 uses of, 503. 



Torpedo, electricity of, 419, 421. 



Torpidity of animals, 66, 309. 



Tortoise-shell, 92. 



Tortrix, nest of, 701. 



Touch, sense of, 490499. 



Tracheae of Insects, 321, 322. 



Tranference of secretion, 361. 



Transfusion of blood, 239. 



Trematode Entozoa, 743. 



Tricuspid valve, 272. 



Tridacne, 119. 



Tritonia, 316. 



Trunk of Elephant, 172. 

 Insects, 173. 



Tubercle, nature of, 386. 



TUNICATA, 114; circulation in, 295 ; re- 

 spiration in, 316 ; luminousness of, 396 ; 

 nervous system of, 435, 436 ; gemmi- 

 parous reproduction of, 728 ; develop- 

 ment of, 752. 



Turbo, anatomy of, 108. 



Turnip-fly, voracity of, 147. 



Turtle tribe, 83. 



Tympanum, 516, 517. 



U. 



Ulna, 639. 



Ungkaputi, 674. 



Unity of Design, 261, 763. 



Urea, 346, 367. 



Ureters, 362. 



Uric acid, 346, 348, 367. 



Urinary apparatus, 368, 369. 



bladder, 362. 



excretion, purposes of, 346 



348; effects of suspension of, 351; 

 composition of, 367 ; water discharged 

 by, 369. 



Uterus, 761. 



