778 



COMPENDIUM OF GENEK1C DISTINCTIONS. 



distinct, ribs none or very short. Young subject to a meta- 

 morphosis. Breathing mostly by lungs, sometimes by gills. 



Sub-ard*r. BATRACHIA SALIENTIA. Body short 

 and flattened ; no tail. 



A. Aglossa, or Tongueless Batrachians. 



Family. DACTYLETHBID.. Teeth in jaws; toes 

 webbed ; sacral vertebrae flattened ; no paratoids (i.e. glands 

 on sides of head). 



Genus. DACTYLETHRA. As family. West and South 

 Africa. 



Family. FIPIDJE. No teeth in jaws ; rest as last family. 



Genus. PIPA. Head flat, triangular. Female with 

 pouches on back. South America. 



B. Opisthoglossse. Batrachia with tongue adhering 

 to the front of the lower jaw, and free behind. 



Series. With cylindrical or tapering fingers. 

 Section. With teeth in jaws ; well -developed ear. 



Family. RANIDJE. Toes webbed; processes of sacral 

 vertebrae cylindrical. No paratoids. 



Genus. PSEUDIS. First finger opposite to three others. 

 3outh America. 



Genus. TOMOPTERNA. Toes half-webbed. Two bony 

 processes on lower jaw. Flattish spur on metatarsus. 

 South Africa. 



Genus. RANA. Finger not opposite, tongue with deep 

 notch behind. Teeth on vomer, i.e. central ridge of palate. 

 Everywhere. 



Genus. CERATOPHRTS. Horn-like process over each eye. 

 South America. 



Family. CYSTIGNATHID.E. Toes not webbed; no 

 paratoids. 



Genus. CYSTIGNATHUS. Two series of teeth on vomer. 

 America and Australia. 



Family. DISCOGLOSSIDJE Toes webbed. Processes 



of sacral vertebrae wide.. No paratoids. 



Genus. DISCOOLOBSUS. Teeth of vomer in straight row. 

 Tympanum or drums of ear hidden. Shores of Mediterranean. 



Family. ALYTID.2E. Toes webbed. Processes of sacral 

 vertebrae wide. Paratoids. 



Genus. ALYTES. Toes slightly webbed. Europe. 



Genus. SCAPHIOPUS. Toes completely webbed. North 

 America. 



Section. No teeth in jaws. Ear perfecxly developed. 



Family. BUFONIDJE. Toes webbed. Processes of 

 sacral vertebrae wide. Paratoids. 



Genus. BoFo. Crown of head nearly flat, muzzle round 

 or blunt, skin smooth on sides, Paratoids large. Every- 

 where (except Australia). 



Series. Fingers widened. 



Section. Teeth in jaws. Ear perfect. 



Family. POLYPEDATID.E. Toes webbed. Processes 

 of sacral vertebree cylindrical. No paratoids. 



Genus. ACEIS. Disks of toes small, web broad, fingers 

 not webbed. Tongue heart-shaped. North America. 



Family. HYLID2E. Processes of sacral vertebrae dilated. 

 Rest as last family. 



Genus. HYLA. Head with soft skin, fingers not opposed, 

 toes all webbed. No pouch on back of female. Everywhere. 



Genus. NOTOTBEMA. 

 Central America. 



Female with pouch on back. 



Genus. TRACHYCEPHALUS. Head bony above. No 

 pouch. West Indies. 



Family. PELODRYADJE. Toes webbed. Processes 

 sacral vertebrae dilated. Paratoids. 



Genus. PELODRYAS. As family. 



Family. PHYLLOMEDUSID-Sl. Toes not webbed, 

 as last family. 



Genus. PHYLLOMEDUSA. As family. Australia. 

 Section. No teeth in jaws. Ear perfect. 



Family. BRACHYMEEID.E. Toes not webbed. Pro- 

 cesses of sacral vertebrae dilated. No paratoids. 



Genus. BRACHYMERUS. As family. 



South Africa. 



Processes 



Family. HYLAPLESIp.ffi. Toes not webbed, 

 of sacral vertebras cylindrical. 



Genus. HYLAPLESIA. As family. Tropical America. 

 C. Proteroglossa. Tongue free in front. 

 Section. No teeth in jaw. Ear imperfect. 



Family. RHUTOPHBYNIDJE. Toes webbed. Pro- 

 cesses of sacral vertebrae dilated. Paratoids. Muzzle 

 tru ncated. 



Genus. RHINOPHRYNUS. As family. Mexico. 



Sub-order. BATRACHIA GRADIENTIA. Body long 

 and tailed. Limbs four, small, weak, and equal. Gills 

 seldom retained through life. Teeth in jaws, often in 

 palate. Ears hidden. Ribs distinct or rudimentary. Eggs 

 isolated and oval. Legs of larva developed nearly together. 



Family. SALAM AN DRIDJE.- -Teeth of palate in two 

 longitudinal series. Tongue broad. 



Genus. SALAMANDRA. Back with series of perforated 

 warts. Paratoids large and glandular. 



Genus. TRITON. Skin granular, a series of pores along 

 part of sides. 



Genus. LOPHINUS. Skin smooth. No pores. 



Family. PLETHODONTILJE. Teeth of palate in short 

 series across end of vomers. 



Genus. ONYCHODACTYLUS. Toes four or five, not webbed, 

 furnished with claws. Hind legs dilated. Japan. 



Genus. AMBYSTOMA. Toes and fingers not clawed. 

 Tongue oblong. Tail keeled above, round below. North 

 America. 



Order. PSEUDOSAURIA Body long, tailed, lizard- 

 like ; legs four, and rudimentary. Gills internal and rudi- 

 mentary, their apertures permanent. 



Family. PBOTONOPSID!. Legs strong. Teeth of 

 palate set across in an arched series. 



Genus. PHOTONOPSIS. As family. North America. 



Family. AMPHITTMIDJE. Legs weak. Teeth of palate 

 in double diverging series. 



Genus. 

 America. 



Genus. 

 America. 



AMPHIUMA* Two toes on each foot. North 



. Three toes on each foot. North 



Order. PSEUDOPHIDIA Body snake'like. No legs. 

 Skin smooth and wrinkled, with minute imbedded scales. 



Genus. CJECILIA. A pit under each nostril. Africa 

 and South America. 



Order. PSEUDOICTHYAS. Body fish-like, covered 

 with strong overlapping oval scales. Fur-like membranes, 

 strengthened with soft jointed rays, above and below. Legs 

 four, rudimentary. Gill external. Teeth of palato and 

 lower jaw very large. 



