REWARDS AND PUNISHMENTS 



is often best to dismount, take off the bridle, give a 

 carrot, an apple, or a piece of sugar, and dismiss the 

 pupil to the stable. 



Punishments, in the horse's education, are no less 

 important than rewards. These ought always to be 

 administered fairly and justly, with decision, but 

 without impatience, calmly and with self-restraint, 

 and with a sentiment of regretful loyalty on the 

 part of the man. 



The means of correction are four: the spurs (to be 

 discussed later), the whip, the voice, and the hand. 

 The whip is especially effective. It is used with 

 sharp but not severe stroke, upon any part of the 

 body, but never on the head. After the training has 

 made some progress, the effect of the whip is 

 augmented if, along with the stroke, the trainer 

 speaks in a sharp, guttural tone. A man working 

 his horse on foot can make a strong impression by 

 looking the animal straight in the eyes, with a 

 severe countenance, while he speaks harshly with 

 the voice. After this, the whip may be suppressed, 

 and the rebuke given by a severe slap of the hand, 

 accompanied by the threatening tone. The same 

 method may then be used mounted. 



When the horse has learned to expect punishment 

 when it misbehaves and rewards when it does well, 

 and to trust its rider always, it is well on the road of 

 a progressive and thorough education. 



