March, 1933] Agric. Research in New Hampshire 5 



- Scientific Contribution 30 — Cod Liver Meal Experimentation on Chicks 



and Breeding Birds. 

 " " 31 — Significance of the Probable Error as Applied 



to Field Experiments with Apple Trees. 

 " " 32 — Comparative Growth Characteristics of the 



Baldwin and Mcintosh Apples. 

 " " 33 — The Determination of Lime Requirement by 



the Direct Addition of Calcium Carbonate. 

 " 34 — The Determination of Sugars in Plant Extracts. 



" " 35 — Further Observations on Factors Affecting 



Fruit Setting of the Mcintosh Apple in New 

 Hampshire. 

 36— Cold Storage Tests with Mcintosh Under 

 Forced Air Circulation. 



Early Cut Hay Wins in Nutrition Study 



Feeding experiments with dairy cows in the respiration chamber 

 have established the superiority of early cut haj^ on three counts: 

 digestibility, energy supply and nitrogen balance. 



The studies were a part of the nutrition experiments conducted by 

 E. G. Ritzman in cooperation with Dr. F. G. Benedict, of the Carnegie 

 Institution of Washington. 



Four purebred Holstein cows were fed timothy cut June 20 before 

 bloom, July 17 during early bloom and July 30 after seed had formed. 

 Average digestibility ranged from 66 per cent for the early to only 

 50 per cent for the latest. Thus the early was one-third more diges- 

 tible than similar hay cut after seed had formed. 



The net energy supplied by the early hay was nearly 59 therms 

 per 100 pounds of feed; by the late-bloom kind, about 50 therms; and 

 by that cut in seed, about 41 therms. 



Protein in the early hay proved to be over 60 per cent digestible, 

 while in the latest it was only about one-third digestible. The latest 

 hay barely supplied maintenance requirements; the early a surplus of 

 protein equal to that contained in from eight to ten pounds of milk. 

 This was stored by the animal. (Purnell Fund) 



A New Apparatus 



Apparatus for measuring metabolism in connection with the large 

 respiration chamber has been entirely replaced by equipment of an 

 entirely new and original design, developed by Dr. Benedict. 



Improved apparatus has also been installed for collecting separately 

 the urine and feces in digestion balances with cows. The loss of urine 

 is now limited to less than three per cent of the total. {Miscellaneous 

 Income) . 



Metabolism of the Horse 



Further metabolism experiments show that a horse produces about 

 double the heat of an adult man, or around 1,700 calories per square 

 meter. One of the striking features of this work by E. G. Ritzman 

 is the indication that the horse carries a much greater glycogen re- 

 serve than other animals, which accounts partly for his greater powers 

 01 endurance. Steers and cows give respiratory evidence of fasting 



