152 



trypanosomes were found on the second day (forty-eight hours) 

 after infection."* 



With regard to the trypanosomiasis prevalent at the present time 

 among cattle in the northern area of North- Western Rhodesia, 

 and apparently due to two species of Trypanosoma,^ it has recently 

 been stated by Montgomery and Kinghorn that, in the case of at 

 least one herd, " the evidence is suggestive that Stomoxys and 

 Lyperosia had acted as transmitting agents. "J No transmission 

 experiments were performed, but the view of the authors (which 

 certainly receives collateral support from the result of Bouffard's 

 experiments described above) is that the flies in question serve to 

 spread the disease around a homestead, when an infected animal 

 has been introduced into a herd. Stomoxys and Lyperosia were 

 taken in the cattle kraal of a farm in the northern part of North- 

 Western Rhodesia, and the authors state that specimens of the 

 former " were most frequently met with in villages, but on two 

 occasions were taken from recently shot game."|| The species 

 was evidently not determined, but there can be little doubt that it 

 was either Stomoxys calcitrans or S. nigra, unless, as is quite likely, 

 both species were present .1 



As regards sleeping sickness, Dr. A. G. Bagshawe, in a recent 

 review of the available evidence as to the transmission of the disease, 

 comes to the conclusion that, while occasionally species of Glossina 



* Cf. E. A. Minchin, " Investigations on the Development of Trypanosomes in 

 Tsetse-Flies and other Diptera": The Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 

 Vol. 52, Part 2, p. 180 (March, 1908). 



f Either T. dimorphon, Button and Todd, and T. vivax, Ziemann, or closely 

 allied forms. 



% Cf. B. Eustace Montgomery and Allan Kinghorn, Annals of Tropical Medicine 

 and Paraaitology, Series T.M., Vol. II., No. 2, p. 129 (June 9, 1908). 



Martini, however, working in Berlin with the parasite of nagana, found (apud 

 Musgrave and Clegg, op. cit., p. 85) that this trypanosome was not transmitted from 

 sick horses to healthy horses and asses, though the animals were standing next to 

 one another, and Stomoxys calcitrana was present in numbers on the sick horses. 

 This, it may be remarked, was in accordance with Bruce's experience in Zululand 

 (cf. Surgeon-Major [now Colonel Sir] David Bruce, A.M.S., " Further Report on the 

 Tsetse-Fly Disease or Nagana in Zululand," p. 5. London : Harrison & Sons, 1897). 



|| Montgomery and Kinghorn, loc. cit., p. 128. 



Tf In their "Conclusions" on p. 131 of then- paper, Montgomery and Kinghorn 

 speak of the Stomoxys as " Stomoxys calcitrana," but there is no evidence that the 

 determination was made by a Dipterist. 



