155 



June, 1898, caught in company with Stomoxys calcitrans, L., sucking 

 the blood of mules suffering from Tsetse-fly disease* (the late 

 Vety. -Captain A. O. Haslam, A.V.D.); Nairobi, April 5th, 1900 

 (Captain Richard Crawshay). Uganda : Entebbe, September 24th, 

 1903 (Dr. D. Ndbarro), and 1904, " very common on windows of 

 laboratory " (Captain E. D. W. Greig, I. M.S.). Zanzibar 

 Protectorate : Pemba I., August 26th, 1899 (Dr. D. R. O' Sullivan- 

 Bear e). Nyasaland Protectorate : Lunyina River, Henga, 3000 ft., 

 January 29th, 1894 (Captain Richard Crawshay) ; exact locality 

 unknown, 1907 (Dr. J. E. S. Old). 



With reference to Stomoxys nigra in Ashanti Dr. W. M. Graham 

 has kindly supplied the following note : " This species is the chief 

 cattle-plague in Ashanti ; it frequently accompanies cattle in 

 clouds, which, however, are partly composed of S. calcitrans. 

 After feeding, these flies leave the cattle and settle on the leaves of 

 neighbouring shrubs, where they can be easily caught ; the 

 abdomens of gorged flies are visibly distended and of a dull red 

 colour. I have sometimes observed streaks of blood on the leaves 

 on which the flies have settled, and marks of blood are also seen 

 on the cattle." Besides attacking cattle, S. nigra is a pest of horses 

 and other domestic animals, and Dr. Graham remarks that it 

 " also attacks man." Writing from Keffi, Nassarawa Province, 

 Northern Nigeria, in October, 1907, Dr. R. F. Williams said of 

 S. nigra : " These flies were not seen during April and May, but 

 were abundant in Keffi in June, when they swarmed on horses ; in 

 September they were not nearly so plentiful. They do not worry 

 human beings if able to attack a horse." Of Stomoxys nigra as 

 observed in the Congo Free State by the members of the Expedition 

 of the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, 1903-05, Dr. J. L. 

 Todd writesf : " Specimens were caught about cattle and in a 

 European house. It feeds vigorously." At Nairobi, East Africa 

 Protectorate, in April, 1900, Captain Richard Crawshay found this 



* Cf. Austen, "Monograph of the Tsetse-Flies," p. 304 (1903). 



t Annals of Tropical Medicine and Paraaitology, Series T.M., Vol. I., No. I. 

 (February 1, 1907), p. 86. The species is referred to in error as "Stomoxys sitiens, 

 Rond." 



