176 



the larval anus. At a distance of 1.5 mm. behind the anterior 

 and wider extremity the puparium is encircled by a second shallow 

 and narrow groove, marking the limits of the cap that is split off 

 when the imago makes its escape. On each side about 0.5 mm. 

 from the lateral margin, on both dorsal and ventral surfaces, 

 commencing immediately behind this groove and extending back 

 to a point about 0.8 mm. from the posterior groove, is a series of 

 sharply marked punctures ; those in each series on the ventral 

 surface are connected by a deep furrow, which is less distinct on 

 the dorsal side. In the specimen examined there appear to be 

 seven punctures in each dorsal row, and six in each row on the 

 ventral surface. Since this puparium is that of a larva deposited 

 by a captive fly its dimensions are possibly subnormal ; the second 

 puparium forwarded by Captain O'Kinealy is very small and 

 obviously immature. 



According to Laveran,* Dr. Theiler has shown 



osca by experiment at Pretoria that Hippobosca 

 maculata 



as a maculata, Leach, and H. ruftpes, v. Olfers (see 



Disease-carrier, below), are capable of transmitting Trypanosoma 

 theileri, Laveran, which is the cause of Gallziekte 

 (gall- or bile-sickness) among cattle in the Transvaal. 



Hippobosca rufipes, von Olfers. 



De Vegetativis et Animatis Corporibus in Corporibus Animatis 

 Reperiundis Commentarius. Pars I. P. 101 (Berolini : In 

 Taberna Libraria Maureriana, 1816. ).f 



PLATE XIII., FIG. lOO.f 



The markings on the scutellum render it easy to recognise this 

 species, which is a common parasite of horses in South Africa. In 



* Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances et Memoires de la Societe de Biologie, 

 Ann6e 1903, pp. 242-243 (1903). 



| This figure has been drawn from a gravid female, hence the large size of the 

 abdomen. 



f As given by Hagen (" Bibliotheca Entomologica," Bd. II., p. 20 (Leipzig : 

 Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, 1863) ) the title of this work is " De vegetativis et 



