saplings into the water. On steep slopes by the 

 water these are called slides. This name is also 

 given to places in the dam over which beaver 

 frequently pass in their outgoings and incomings. 

 Commonly these trails avoid ridges and ground 

 swells by keeping in the bottom of a ravine; 

 logs are cut through and rolled out of the way, 

 or a tunnel driven beneath ; obstructions are re- 

 moved, or a good way made round them. Their 

 log roads compare favorably with the log roads of 

 woodsmen who cut with steel instead of enamel. 

 In most old beaver colonies, where the char- 

 acter of the bottom of the pond permits it, there 

 are two or more tunnels or subways beneath the 

 floor of the principal pond. The main tunnel be- 

 gins close to the foundation of the house, and 

 penetrates the earth a foot or more beneath the 

 water to a point on land a few feet beyond the 

 shore-line. If there are a number of small ponds 

 in a colony that are separated by fingers of land, 

 it is not uncommon for these bits of land to be 

 penetrated by a thoroughfare tunnel. These tun- 

 nels through the separating bits of land enable 

 the beaver to go from one pond to another with- 



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