PART II 

 MACHINERY AND PRODUCTION 



THE COURSE OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION CON- 

 TRASTED WITH THE INCREASE IN THE POPULA- 

 TION 1840-1900 



The first federal census which took account of agri- 

 cultural products was that of 1840. The principal 

 crops, for the period from 1840 to 1900 as reported to 

 the census office, were as follows : l 



1 The figures for the year 1839 are taken from the report of the Sixth 

 Census, p. 408 ; those for the years 1849, 1859, 1869, 1879, and 1889 

 from the Eleventh Census, Agriculture, pp. 87-91 ; those for the year 

 1899 from the Twelfth Census, Agriculture, Vol. I, p. cxxi. The re- 

 port of cotton production for the year 1839 was reported in pounds. 

 The figures for that year have been converted to bales on the basis of 

 five hundred pounds per bale. 



2 Includes both Irish and sweet potatoes. 



12 



