DISEASES. 38 



able; the back being arched, the feet drawn in toward each other and tne tail 

 tightly tucked between his legs; in colic, the belly is sometimes distended consider- 

 ably with gas, and is then known as flatulent colic. It is a disease of frequent 

 occurrence in dogs, and the exciting causes are various; exposure to wet and cold; 

 getting dogs, especially house dogs, to swim in cold inclement weather, are com- 

 mon causes; the presence of worms in the intestines also produces colic. But the 

 most common cause is undoubtedly the giving of improper food; sugar and other 

 sweet things are likely to produce it; puppies just after weaning are very liable 

 to it, especially if! they have pmall lumps of meat or other solid food thrown to them' 

 which they can not well chew, but greedily bolt; or having a portion of one meal 

 left in the dish till the next meal is added is very likely to produce it. because the 

 stale portion undergoes fermentation, that is, becomes sour, and the fermentation 

 is carried on in the stomach. Colic is sure to yield to prompt and proper measures, 

 and the treatment siismple and safe. As soon as observed, give the sufferer a 

 dose of "anti-spasmodic drops:" Compound spirits of sulphuric ether (known as 

 Hoffmans' anodyne), and tincture of opium (laudanum) equal parts. Mix, and 

 keep in a well stoppered bottle in a cool place. Dose for 15-lb. to 35-lb. dog would 

 be a small teaspoonful in two tablespoonfuLs of milk or gruel. It must be given 

 diluted with thin gruel, milk or water, and if immediate relief does not 'follow, 

 administer a double quantity, as a clyster in gruel, or the dose may be repeated 

 in half an hour. In "flatulent colic," known by the distended belly bounding like a 

 drum when tapped wi-th the end of the finger, from 10 to 30 drops of spirit of sal 

 volatile may be advantageously added to the dose of "anti-spasmodic drops," or the 

 following draught may be given and repeated in an hour if the dog is not relieved: 



Carbonate of soda 20 grains 



Aromatic spirits of ammonia 30 drops 



Essence of ginger 5 drops 



Laudanum 15 drops 



Peppermint water 2 tablespoonfuls 



This is a dose for a medium-sized dog, such as a pointer or a greyhound. For 

 puppies and smaller breeds use less of this as the dose. After the attack has sub 

 sided give the dog a gentle aperient, such as the "mild purge:" 



Syrup of buckthorn 3 parts 



Syrup of white poppies . . . 1 part 



Castor oil 2 parts 



Dose for dog 15-lb. to 30-lb., is a tablespoonful. Bottle must De well shaken 

 before using. Larger dogs a little more. 



Keep on a laxative diet, and do not let the dog have violent exercise for a day 

 or so. Endeavor to discover the cause of the attack and avoid a repetition. Lead 

 poisoning produces a peculiar form of colic, and dogs should not have water to 

 drink that has been collected in leaden cisterns. 



The using of one-eighth grain doses of morphine hypodermically every half 

 hour or hour during the attack of colic will give relief very soon. 



CALCULI. The dog is more frequently the subject of Calculi (Stone) than is 

 generally supposed. Their locality varies; they may exist in the biliary ducts, the 

 bladder, the kidneys or in the urethra (the passage of the penis). 



In Biliary calculi, those stones situated in the biliary ducts, providing they 

 are sufficiently small to pass the duct, are not of great niument in fact, upon 



