MAN'S PLACE IN NATURE 



459 



with the anthropoid apes, and that he cannot be separated as 

 an order from other primates. 



In mental attributes the differences are very great, but these 

 are all correlated with the large size of the human brain, and are 

 all psychological expressions of the high degree of specialization 

 of its parts. The largest recorded human brain, according to 

 Huxley, has a weight of sixty-five to sixty-six ounces, the 

 smallest of about thirty-two. The brain of the highest ape 

 weighs about twenty ounces. 



The immense differences between the intelligence of ape and 

 man does not imply any corresponding physical gap between 



FIG. 289. Top of brain of a seven-to-eight months human embryo at left, and a two- 

 year-old female chimpanzee at right. (After Wiedersheim ) 



them, or any corresponding difference in their brains. Huxley 

 uses the illustration of a watch which keeps perfect time as 

 compared with a watch having imperfect machinery. The 

 difference is not so much in the structure of the watch as in 

 the fineness of the parts and the perfection of their adjustment. 



" Believing as I do with Cuvier that the possession of articulate 

 speech is the grand distinctive character of man (whether it be abso- 

 lutely peculiar to him or not), I find it very easy to comprehend that 

 some equally inconspicuous structural difference may have been the 

 primary cause of the immeasurable and practically infinite divergence 

 of the Human from the Simian stirps." 



