MORPHOLOGY OF HIGHER PLANTS. 



421 



From a number of flowers. 



From a single 

 flower 



A. With a compound pistil. 



a. Indehlscent 



Dry 



b. Dehiscent. . 



Fleshy . 



Dry 



Strobile or Cone 

 Sorosis 

 Syconium 

 Achene 

 Caryopsis 

 Cremocarp 

 Nut 

 Samara 

 Utricle 

 Berry 

 Drupe 

 Etcrio 

 Hcrperidium 

 Pepo 

 Pome 

 fCapsule 



B. With a simple pistil. . . 



a. Indehiscent . 



1 Follicle 

 Fleshy . . I Drupe 



6. Dehiscent 



JDry 



(Follicle 

 [Legume 



THE INNER STRUCTURE OF FRUITS. 



The inner structure of fruits is quite variable and it is difficult 

 to treat of this in a general way. In the simplest fruits there are 

 three distinct layers, as in the capsule of cardamom, in which 

 there is an outer epidermis of isodiametric or polygonal cells, 

 an inner epidermis of more or less obliterated and elongated cells, 

 between which is a thin-walled parenchyma traversed by a number 

 of fibro vascular bundles. 



In some cases the other epidermis contains numerous stomata, 

 as in poppy capsules, or is developed into hairs and other out- 

 growths or appendages, as in anise, arnica, sumach (Fig. 148), 

 and raspberry (Fig. 243). 



The inner epidermis may also contain stomata, as in the poppy, 

 or be developed into hairs, as in vanilla and orange, or more or less 

 obliterated, as in achene-like fruits, or modified to sclerenchy- 

 matous elements, as in drupes. 



