134 MASTITIS OF THE COW 



increased in size and the milk points very prominent, due 

 to milk stasis. 



In the cisterns and milk ducts one can observe faintly 

 yellowish colored milk, or in advanced tuberculosis yellow- 

 ish croupous membranes. Here the mucous membrane 

 may also present small, round, crateriform tuberculous 

 wounds. In simple or uncomplicated tuberculosis, gan- 

 grene never occurs. 



Actinomycosis. — The affected quarter is hard and 

 usually enlarged to a lesser degree. The corresponding 

 lymph-gland is usually not involved. Only in very old 

 udder-actinomycosis is it enlarged, when on section it pre- 

 sents grayish-yellow, protruding, round, soft, actinomy- 

 cotic foci. 



The incision in the udder is somewhat dry. The cut 

 surface is even in the affected inferior portion. Here and 

 there one may see sharply defined, round, distinctly pro- 

 truding or convex yellowish-gray, soft, elastic foci ranging 

 in size from a poppy seed to a hemp seed and larger. Within 

 these foci one finds a number of smaller, yellowish-white, 

 white to brown granules or actinomyces colonies, which are 

 hard and sharp to the touch, due to calcification, if the con- 

 dition is old. The surrounding parts are grayish-white, 

 without milk points and of tendon-like consistency due to 

 sclerosis. 



In the milk canals and cisterns one finds wounds from 

 the walls of which grow yellowish-gray, round, tumor-like 

 spuds of granulation tissue from the size of a pea to that of 

 a bean, which contain yellowish-brown actinomyces gran- 

 ules. Simple actinomycosis shows no tendency toward 

 gangrene. 



The chronic milk-infections are only streptomycosis. 

 From the post-mortem point of view as well as the clinical 

 standpoint these chronic streptomy coses may be divided into 



