368 



THE SYMPATHETIC NERVES. 



Fig. 234. DIAGRAMMATIC VIEW OF THE 



SYMPATHETIC COKD OF THE RIGHT SIDE, 

 SHOWING ITS CONNECTIONS WITH THE 

 PRINCIPAL CEREBRO-SPINAL NERVES AND 

 THE MAIN PREAORTIC PLEXUSES. 



Cerebro- spinal Nerves. VI, a portion of 

 the sixth cranial nerve as it passes through 

 the cavernous sinus, receiving two twigs from 

 the carotid plexus of the sympathetic nerve ; 

 0, ciliary ganglion, connected by a twig with 

 the cavernous plexus ; M, connection of the 

 spheno-palatine ganglion by the large deep 

 petrosal nerve with the caroti'l plexus ; C, 

 cervical plexus ; Br, brachial plexus ; I) 6, 

 sixth dorsal nerve ; I) 12, twelfth ; L3, third 

 lumbar nerve ; S 1, first sacral nerve ; S 3, 

 third ; S 5, fifth ; Cr, anterior crural nerve ; 

 Cr', great sciatic ; pn, pneumo-gastric nerve 

 in the lower part of the neck ; r, recurrent 

 nerve, winding round the subclavian artery. 

 Sympathetic Cord. c, superior cervical 

 ganglion ; c', middle ; c", inferior ; from each 

 of these ganglia cardiac nerves (all deep on 

 this side) are seen descending to the cardiac 

 plexus ; d ], placed immediately below the 

 first dorsal sympathetic ganglion : d 6, is 

 opposite the sixth ; I 1, first lumbar gan- 

 glion ; c g, the terminal or coccygeal ganglion. 

 Preaortic and Visceral Plexuses. pp, 

 pharyngeal plexus ; pi, posterior pulmonary 

 plexus, spreading from the pneumo-gastric on 

 the back of the right bronchus ; ca, on the 

 aorta, the cardiac plexus, towards which, in 

 addition to the cardiac nerves from the three 

 cervical sympathetic ganglia, other branches 

 are seen descending from the pneumo-gastric 

 and recurrent nerves ; co, right or posterior, 

 and co', left or anterior coronary plexus ; 

 o, cesophageal plexus in long meshes on the 

 gullet ; sp, great splanchnic nerve ; + , small 

 splanchnic ; + + , smallest splanchnic ; the 

 first and second of these are shown joining so, 

 the solar plexus ; the third descending to re, 

 the renal plexus ; connecting branches between 

 the solar plexus and the pneumo-gastric nerves 

 are also represented ; pn\ above the place 

 where the right pneumo-gastric passes to the 

 posterior surface of the stomach : pn' , the 

 left, distributed on the anterior surface of 

 the cardiac portion of the oi'gan ; from the 

 solar plexus large branches are seen surround- 

 ing the arteries of the cceliac axis, and de- 

 scending toms, the superior mesenteric plexus; 

 opposite to this is an indication of the supra- 

 renal plexus ; below re (the renal plexus), the 

 spermatic plexus is also indicated ; av, on the 

 front of the aorta, marks the aortic plexus, 

 formed by nerves descending from the solar 

 and superior mesenteric plexuses and from the 

 lumbar ganglia ; 'nil, the inferior mesenteric 

 plexus, surrounding the corresponding artery ; 

 hy, hypogastric plexus, placed between the 

 common iliac arteries, connected above with 

 the aortic plexus, receiving nerves from the 

 lower lumbar ganglia, and dividing below into 

 the right and left pelvic or inferior hypogas- 

 tric plexuses ; pi, right pelvic plexus ; from 

 this the nerves descending are joined by those 

 from the plexus on the superior hsemorrhoidal 



vessels mi', by sympathetic nerves from the sacral ganglia, and by numerous visceral nerves from the 

 third and fourth sacral spinal nerves, and there aie thus formed the rectal, vesical, and other plexuses, 

 which ramify upon the viscera from behind forwards, and from below upwards, as towards ir, and v, 

 the rectum and bladder. 



