CARTILAGES OF THE NOSE. 131 



total length of the organ. This relationship is expressed by the cephalometric nasal 



i / greatest breadth x 100 \ , . /. -, ,, . . ,, , .. 

 index ( . It is found that m the white races of man- 



Men gth measured vertically/ 



kind the nasal index is below 70 ; in the black races (African, Australasian) it is 

 85 and upwards : in the yellow races (Asiatic, American-Indians, Eskimo) from 70 

 to 85 (Topinard). 



The blood-vessels of the outer nose are branches of the ophthalmic and facial. 

 The lymphatics pass to the submaxillary lymphatic glands. The sensory nerves 

 are branches of the first and second divisions of the fifth, and the motor nerves are 

 derived from the facial. All of these have been already noticed in previous parts of 

 this work. 



CARTILAGES OF THE NOSE. 



These are the chief support of the outer part of the organ. They occupy the 

 triangular interval seen in front of the nasal cavity in the dried skull (anterior 



nasal bone 



cartilage of aperture, 

 lateral crus 



cartilage of aperture, 

 mesial crus 



upper lateral cartilage 



-i minor cartilages 



\ 

 \- subcutaneous tissue of ala 



Fig. 149. LATERAL VIEW OF THE CARTILAGES OF THE NOSE. (Modified from Arnold.) 



nasal aperture), and assist in forming the septum between the nasal fossae. There 

 are two large cartilages, one on each side, partly enclosing the aperture of the 

 anterior nares, and known as the cartilages of the aperture or loicer lateral cartilages, 

 and one winged median cartilage which forms part of the septum nasi, and spreads 

 externally and superiorly into two large flattened expansions which are commonly 

 known as the upper lateral cartilages, and may conveniently be described separately, 

 although part of the cartilage of the septum. 



The upper lateral cartilages (figs. 149 and 150) are situated in the middle part 

 of the projecting portion of the ncse, immediately below the. free margin of the 

 nasal bones. Each is flattened and triangular in shape, with one surface looking 

 outwards, and the other inwards towards the nasal cavity. The anterior margin, 



K 2 



