SHORT POSTERIOR CRAXIO-VERTEBRAL MUSCLES. 



239 



and representing the extensor of the caudal vertebrae of other animals. (Giinther and 

 Milde, " Chirurglsche Muskellehre," quoted in Theile; " Sommerring von Baue," 



&3.) 



SHORT POSTERIOR CRANIO- VERTEBRAL MUSCLES. The rectus capitis posticus 

 major arises by a narrow tendon from the spinous process of the axis, and 

 expanding as it passes upwards and outwards, is inserted into and beneath, the 

 outer part of the inferior curved line of the occipital bone. Its insertion is 

 inside and below that of the superior oblique muscle. 



Fig. 192. 



Fig. 192. VIEW OP THE DEEP POS- 

 TERIOR MUSCLES OP THE UPPER PART 

 OP THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN. ^ 



a, posterior occipital protuberance ; 6, 

 surface between the superior and in- 

 ferior curved lines on which the corn- 

 plexus is inserted ; c, spinous process of 

 the axis vertebra; d, transverse pro- 

 cess of the atlas ; e, transverse process 

 of the first dorsal vertebra; /, lamina of 

 the sixth dorsal vertebra ; 1, rectus 

 capitis posticus minor muscle; 2, rectus 

 posticus major ; 3, obliquus superior ; 

 4, obliquus inferior ; 5, rectus capitis 

 lateralis ; 6, trachelo-raastoid, the mus- 

 cle of the right side turned inwards and 

 its slips of attachment to the dorsal and 

 cervical transverse processes separated 

 from each other ; 7, transversalis cer- 

 vieis, the figures are placed near the 

 extreme ends of the muscle on the right 

 side ; 7', on the left side, upper part 

 of the longissimus dorsi continued into 

 the transversalis cervicis; 8, ascendens 

 cervicis, the muscle of the right side is 

 spread out ; 8', on the left side, the 

 seven upper tendinous insertions of the 

 ilio-costalis and accessorius muscles ; 9, 

 upper part of the semispinalis colli of the 

 left side ; 10, placed on the seventh rib 

 of the right side, close to the insertion of 

 its levator costa3 muscle ; 11, 11, three 

 rotatores vertebrarum between the third 

 and sixth dorsal vertebrae. 



The rectus capitis posticus minor 

 arises from the posterior arch of 

 the atlas by the side of the 

 tubercle, and expands as it passes 

 to be inserted into the inferior 

 curved line of the occipital bone, 

 and the rough surface between 

 that and the foramen magnum. 



The obliquus capitis inferior, the strongest of the muscles now under 

 consideration, arises from the spinous process of the axis, between the origin 

 of the rectus posticus major and the insertion of the semispinalis colli, and 

 is inserted into the extremity of the transverse process of the atlas. 



The obliquus capitis superior, smaller than the preceding muscle, arises 

 from the upper surface of the transverse process of the atlas, inclines from 



