274 



MUSCLES OF THE LOWER LIMB. 



as far as the knee ; below this it turns obliquely forwards to its place of attachment. 

 The tendon of insertion, broad and expanded, covers the tendons of the gracilis 

 and semitendinosus (a synovial bursa being interposed), and gives off one expansion 

 which strengthens the capsule of the knee-joint by becoming incorporated with it, 

 and another which blends with the fascia of the leg. 



Fig. 210. 



Fig. 210. SUPERFICIAL MUSCLES OF THE 

 FRONT OP THE THIGH. 



a, anterior part of the crest of the ilium ; 

 b, symphysis pubis ; c, patella ; d, is below 

 the anterior tuberosity of the tibia ; 1, points 

 to the insertion of the external oblique muscle 

 into the iliac crest ; 2, its aponeurosis at the 

 linea semilunaris ; 3, the external abdominal 

 ring ; 4, part of the gluteus medius ; 5, tensor 

 vaginae femoris at the place of its insertion 

 into a portion of the fascia lata, which has 

 been removed between 5 and 5', which latter 

 part is seen descending to be attached to the 

 tibia and fibula ; 6, the sartorius ; 6', the 

 insertion of the sartorius ; 7, psoas and iliacus 

 conjoined ; 8, pectineus ; 9, adductor longus ; 

 10, gracilis ; 11, part of the adductor magnus ; 

 12, vastus externus ; 13, rectus femoris ; 14, 

 vastus internus ; 15, small part of the biceps 

 flexor cruris. 



The sartorius is covered only by the fascia 

 lata and the integument. It passes over 

 the iliacus and rectus femoris muscles, the 

 femoral vessels, the pectineus, the adductor 

 longus, adductor magnus, vastus internus, 

 gracilis, and semitendinosus muscles. The 

 inner border of this muscle and the most 

 projecting part of the adductor longus form 

 the sides, and Poupart's ligament forms the 

 base, of a triangular space in the upper third 

 of the thigh, through the middle of which 

 the femoral artery passes. This frequently 

 receives the name of Scarpa's triangle. 



"The quadriceps extensor cruris, the 

 extensor muscle of the knee, is divisible 

 into four parts, one of which, the rectus 

 femoris, descends from the hip-bone and 

 remains distinct, w r hile the other three, 

 distinguished one from the other only 

 by the arrangement of their fibres, cover 

 the whole of the anterior and lateral 

 surfaces of the thigh-bone, from which 

 they arise. 



a. The rectus femoris, extended in 

 a straight line from the pelvis to the 

 patella, arises by two tendons, one of 

 which is attached to the anterior inferior 



spinous process of the ilium, and the other, united to the first within an inch 

 of that point, is attached horizontally in the groove above the upper part of 

 the brim of the acetabulum. From the prolongation of the tendon so 

 formed the muscular fibres arise pemiately, and, turning outwards and 



