288 



MUSCLES OF THE LOWER LIMB. 



between them. This divided tendon, with its additional muscles, conceals the 

 adductor pollicis, the tendon of the flexor longus pollicis, the transversus pedis, the 

 interossei muscles, and the plantar arterial arch. 



The flexor longus pollicis pedis arises from the two in ferior thirds of the 

 posterior surface of the fibula, except for an inch at ! ts lowest part ; from 

 the intermuscular septum interposed between it and the peronei ; and from 

 the aponeurosis common to it and the flexor longus digitorum, and which 

 covers the tibialis posticus. 



The muscular fibres, passing obliquely backwards and downwards, end 

 in a tendon on their posterior surface. This tendon traverses a groove 

 behind the tibia, and another at the back of the astragalus, being bound 

 down to those bones by fibrous and synovial sheaths. Thence passing 

 forwards below the sustentaculum tali, it is connected, in the sole of the 

 foot, by a tendinous slip, with the tendon of the flexor lougus digitorum, 

 by which it is crossed, and proceeds in a fibrous sheath over the first 

 phalanx of the great toe to be inserted into the base of the terminal 

 phalanx. 



Below the ankle the tendon of this muscle is separated from those of the tibialis 

 posticus and flexor longus digitorum by an interval of more than half an inch, in 

 which are placed the posterior tibial vessels and nerves. 



The tibialis posticus muscle, placed between the two long flexor muscles, 

 arises from the whole interossecus membrane except for two inches at the 

 lower end, and from the adjacent surfaces of the tibia and fibula, the tibial 

 attachment extending from the superior tibio-fibular articulation to a point 

 at a lower level than that of the flexor longus digitorum, and the attach- 

 ment to the fibula extending along the three middle fifths of that bone ; it 

 also arises from the aponeurosis derived from the adjacent muscles, which 

 covers it. The muscular fibres end in a strong flat tendon, which, passing 

 between the tibia and the long flexor of the toes, turns forwards in a groove 

 beneath the internal malleolus, and is inserted into the tuberosity of the 

 scaphoid bone. 



Fig. 219. Fig. 219. TRANSVERSE SECTION OF THE EIGHT 



FOOT BETWEEN THE TARSDS AND METATARSUS, 

 SHOWING THE TENDINOUS AND APONEUROTIO 



STRUCTURES FROM THE FRONT, i 



This figure is also designed to show the trans- 

 verse arch formed by the three cuneiform and the 

 cuboid bones, a, articular surface of the internal 

 cuneiform bone for the first metatarsal ; 6, the 

 middle cuneiform ; c, the external cuneiform ; d and 

 e, the surfaces of the cuboid bone for the fourth and 

 fifth metatarsal bones ; between these bones are 

 seen the strong interosseous and plantar ligaments 

 which bind them together ; 1, slip of the tendon of 

 the tibialis anticus, which passes on to its insertion 

 in the first metatarsal bone ; 2, tendon of the 



extensor longus pollicis ; 3, slip of the extensor brevis digitorura to the great toe ; 

 3', remainder of the extensor brevis digitorum ; 4, four slips of the extensor communis 

 digitorum longus ; 5, peroneus tertius ; 6, peroneus brevis ; 7, peroneus longus cut 

 obliquely where it is emerging from the sheath below the cuboid bone ; beside 7, the 

 space between the cuneiform bones and the subjacent fasciae and tendons is occupied by 

 loose fatty tissue ; 8, tendon of the flexor longus pollicis ; 9, tendon of the flexor com- 

 munis digitorum longus, with the slip of union from the flexor pollicis; 10, flexor 

 accessorius ; 11, fleshy part of the abductor pollicis ; 12, flexor brevis digitorum ; 

 13, abductor minimi digiti. 



