382 



BRACHIAL ARTERY. 



midway between the folds of the axilla to the middle point between the 

 condyles of the humerus. To command the flow of blood through the 

 artery at its upper part, pressure should be directed outwards, while over 

 the lower end of the vessel the pressure should be made from before 

 backwards. 



The brachial artery lies beneath the integument and fascia of the arm as 

 far as the bend of the elbow, where it sinks deeply in the interval between 

 the pronafcor teres and supiuator longus muscles, and is covered by the 

 fibrous expansion given from the tendon of the biceps to the fascia of the 

 fore-arm. It rests at first on the long head of the triceps muscle, the 

 musculo-ppiral nerve and the superior profunda artery intervening ; it then 

 inclines forwards over the insertion of the coraco-brachialis muscle, and lies 

 thence to its termination on the brachialis anticus. At its outer side it is 

 in apposition first with the coraco-brachialis, and afterwards and for the 



Fig. 268. 



Fig. 268. DISSECTION OP THE AXILLA AND INSIDE OP THE ARM TO SHOW THE 

 AXILLARY AND BRACHIAL VESSELS (from R. Quain). 



The greater and lesser pectoral muscles have been divided so as to expose the axillary 

 vessels : a, the inserted portion of the pectoralis major; 6, the pectoral portion ; 1, ], 

 axillary artery ; + , + , the median nerve formed by the two portions of the plexus which 

 surround the artery ; 1', placed on a part of the sheath of the brachial vessels, and 1", on 

 the lower part of the biceps muscle, point to the brachial artery surrounded by its venpe 

 comites ; 2, 2, axillary vein ; 3, 3, the basilic vein ; the upper figure is placed on the 

 triceps muscle, the lower on the fascia near the junction of the ulnar vein : on the basilic 

 vein are seen the ramifications of the internal cutaneous nerve ; 4, on the deltoid, and 4', 

 on the clavicular part of the great pectoral muscle, mark the cephalic vein joining the 

 acromio-thoracic and through it the axillary vein ; 5, 5, placed on the divided portions of 

 the pectoralis minor, point to the origin and branches of the acromio-thoracic artery ; 6, 

 placed on a group of axillary glands, indicates the alar thoracic and subscapular vessels ; 

 7, placed on the trunk of the axillary vein, points by a line to one of the venae comites of 

 the brachial vein, which being joined by the other higher up passes into the axillary vein : 

 the ulnar nerve is seen passing from below the basilic vein towards the inner condyle ; 

 near 1 , placed on the coraco-brachialis muscle is seen the musculo-cutaneous nerve before 

 it passes through that muscle ; near 2, placed on the tendon of the latissimus dorsi 

 muscle, a portion of the nerve of Wrisberg. 



