SUPERFICIAL AND DEEP VEINS OF THE ARM. 



467 



the fascia below the middle of the arm, and finally unites with one of the 

 venae comites of that vessel, or with the axillary vein, which it chiefly 

 forms. 



Fig. 318. VIEW OF THE SUPERFICIAL VEIKS AT Pig - 3]^ 



THE BEND OF THE AlvM (from E. Qliaill). ^ 



The full description of this figure will be found 

 at p. 383. The following numbers indicate the 

 veins : At 1 and 2, the fascia is opened in front 

 of a part of the bracbial artery and its accom- 

 panying veins ; the inner vena comes, marked 1, 

 has been divided, the outer marked 2, is entire ; 

 + , the median nerve; 3, the basilic vein ; 3', the 

 ulnar veins ; 4, the cephalic vein; 4', one of the 

 radial veins ; 5, tbe median vein ; 5 to 4', median 

 cephalic ; 5 to 3', median basilic. 



The median cutaneous vein results from 

 the union, on the anterior part of the fore- 

 arm, of several branches. It is a short 

 trunk of variable length, which ascends 

 between the ulnar and radial cutaneous 

 veins on the front of the forearm, and 

 terminates beneath tbe hollow in front 

 of the elbow by dividing into the median 

 basilic and median cephalic branches, which 

 diverge upwards from each other. Close 

 to its bifurcation it receives a short 

 branch, the deep median vein, which 

 pierces the fascia to meet it, and forms a 

 communication between it and the deep 

 veins accompanying the arteries. 



The median basilic vein, inclining in- 

 wards to join the basilic vein, passes in 



front of the brachial artery, from which it is separated by the fibrous 

 expansion given by the tendon of the biceps muscle to the fascia covering 

 the flexor muscles ; it is crossed by branches of the internal cutaneous 

 nerve. 



The median cephalic vein, directed outwards, unites with the cephalic 

 vein. Branches of the external cutaneous nerve descend behind it. 



DEEP VEINS OF THE UPPER LIMB. 



The brachial artery and its various branches in the arm, forearm, and 

 hand, are each accompauied by two veins, named vence comites. These 

 companion veins lie one on each side of the corresponding artery, and are 

 connected with each other at intervals by short cross branches, which in 

 some places surround the artery. Their distribution so closely corresponds 

 with that of the arteries that they need not be more particularly described. 



The brachial veins, or companion veins of the brachial artery, terminate at 

 the lower margin of the subscapularis muscle by joining the axillary vein ; 

 not unfrequently, however, one of them will be found to come forward 

 and unite with the basilic, which soon after becomes continuous with the 

 axillary vein. 



Between the several veins of the upper limb numerous communications 



