G86 THE SYMPATHETIC NERVES. 



ulnar nerve, and the supinator longus, which is supplied by the musculo- 

 spiral. 



Muscles of the hand. The abductor and opponens pollicis, the outer half 

 of the flexor brevis pollicis, and the two outer lumbricales muscles, are 

 supplied by the median nerve : all the other muscles receive their nerves 

 from the ulnar. 



MUSCLES OF THE LOWER LIMB. 



Posterior muscles of the hip and thigh. The gluteus maximus is mainly 

 supplied by the small sciatic nerve, and receives at its upper part a separate 

 branch from the sacral plexus. The gluteus medius and minimus, together 

 with the tensor vaginse femoris, are supplied by the gluteal nerve. The pyri- 

 formis, gemelli, obturator iiiternus, and quadratus femoris receive special 

 branches from the sacral plexus. The hamstring muscles are supplied by 

 branches from the great sciatic nerve. 



Anterior and internal muscles of the thigh. The psoas muscle is supplied 

 by separate twigs from the lumbar nerves. The iliacus, quadriceps extensor 

 femoris, and sartorius are supplied by the anterior crural nerve. The 

 adductor muscles, the obturator externus and the pectineus, are supplied 

 by the obturator nerve, but the adductor maguus likewise receives a branch 

 from the great sciatic, and the pectineus sometimes has a branch from the 

 anterior crural. 



Anterior muscles of the leg and foot. The muscles in front of the leg, 

 together with the extensor brevis digitorum, are supplied by the anterior 

 tibia! nerve. 



The peroneus longus and brevis are supplied by the musculo-cutaneous 

 nerve. 



Posterior muscles of the leg. The gastrocnemius, plantaris, soleus, and 

 popliteus are supplied by branches from the internal popliteal nerve ; the 

 deep muscles, viz., the flexor longus digitorum, flexor longus pollicis, and 

 tibialis posticus, derive their nerves from the posterior tibial. 



Plantar muscles. The flexor brevis digitorum, the abductor and flexor 

 brevis pollicis, and the two inner lumbricales, are supplied by the internal 

 plantar nerve ; all the others, including the flexor accessorius and iuterossei, 

 are supplied by the external plantar nerve. 



III. SYMPATHETIC NERVES. 



The nerves of the sympathetic system (nervus intercostalis ; nerves of 

 organic life Bichat) are distributed in general to all the internal viscera, 

 but some organs receive their nerves also from the cerebro spinal system, 

 as the lungs, the heart, and the upper and lower parts of the alimentary 

 canal. It appears from physiological researches to be also the special 

 province of the sympathetic system to supply nerves to the coats of the 

 blood-vessels. 



This division of the nervous system consists of a somewhat complicated 

 collection of ganglia, cords and plexuses, the parts of which may, for con- 

 venience, be classified in three groups, viz., the principal gangliated cords, 

 the great prevertebral plexuses with the nerves proceeding from them, and 

 the ganglia of union with cranial nerves. 



The gangliated cords consist of two series, in each of which the ganglia are 

 connected by intervening cords. These cords are placed symmetrically in. 



