806 



THE TONGUE. 



numerous projections or eminences named papillce. They are founl also 

 upon the tip and free borders, where, however, they gradually become 

 smaller, and disappear towards its under surface. These papillae are dis- 

 tinguished into three orders, varying both in size and form. 



Fig. 563. 



Fig. 563. PAPILLAE SURFACE OF THE TONGUE, WITH THE FAUCES AND TONSILS (from 



Sappey). 



1, 2, circumvallate papillae ; in front of 2, the foramen caecum ; 3, fungiform papillae ; 

 4, filiform and conical papillae ; 5, transverse and oblique rugae ; 6, mucous glands at 

 the base of the tongue and in the fauces ; 7, tonsils ; 8, part of the epiglottis ; 9, median 

 glosso-epiglottidean fold or fraenum epiglottidis, 



The large or circumvallate papillae, from seven to twelve in number, are 

 found on the back part of the tougue, arranged in two rows, which run 

 obliquely backwards and inwards, and meet towards the foramen caecum, like 

 the arms of the letter V. They are situated in cup-like cavities or depres- 

 sions of the mucous membrane, and have the shape of an inverted cone, of 

 which the apex is attached to the bottom of the cavity, and the broad 

 flattened base appears on the surface. They are therefore surrounded by a 



