LARYXGOSCOPIC VIEW OF THE GLOTTIS. 



911 



of these to the anatomical structure. On thus examining the superior aper- 

 ture, there are seen on each side two rounded elevations, corresponding 



Fig. 636. THREE LARYN- Fig. 636. 



GOSCOPIO VIEWS OP THE 

 SUPERIOR APERTURE OF 

 THE LARYNX AND SUR- 

 ROUNDING PARTS IN DIF- 

 FERENT STATES OF THE 

 GLOTTIS DURING LIFE (from 

 Czermak). 



\ - ,o -f- &- 



A, the glottis during the 

 emission of a high note in 

 singing. B, in easy or quiet 

 inhalation of air. C, in the 

 state of widest possible dila- 

 tation as in inhaling a very 

 deep breath. The diagrams A , 

 B', and C', have been added to 

 Czermak's figures to show in 

 horizontal sections of the 

 glottis the position of the 

 vocal ligaments and arytenoid 

 cartilages in the three several 

 states represented in the other 

 figures. In all the figures, so 

 far as marked, the letters in- 

 dicate the parts as follows, 

 viz. : I, the base of the tongue ; 

 e t the upper free part of the 

 epiglottis ; e?, the tubercle 

 or cushion of the epiglottis ; 

 ph, part of the anterior wall 

 of the pharynx behind the 

 larynx ; in the margin of the 

 aryteno-epiglottidean fold w, 

 the swelling of the membrane 



caused by the cartilages of Wrisberg ; s, that of the cartilages of Santorini ; a, the tip 

 or summit of the arytenoid cartilages ; cr, the true vocal cords or lips of the rima glot- 

 tidis ; cvs, the superior or false vocal cords ; between them the ventricle of the larynx ; 

 in C, tr is placed on the anterior wall of the receding trachea, and b indicates the com- 

 mencement of the two bronchi beyond the bifurcation which may be brought into view 

 in this state of extreme dilatation. 



respectively to the cornicula and the cuneiform cartilages ; while in the 

 middle line in front there is a tumescence of the mucous membrane of the 

 lower part of the epiglottis, enabling that structure to close the aperture 

 more accurately when it is depressed, and named the tubercle or cushion of 

 the epiglottis. The mucous membrane between the arytenoid cartilages is 

 stretched when they are separated, and folded double when they are 

 approximated. (Czermak on the Laryngoscope, translated by the New 

 Sydenham Society.) 



On looking down through the superior opening of the larynx, the glottis 

 or rima glottidis is seen at some distance below, in the form of a long 

 narrow fissure running from before backwards. It is situated on a level 

 with the lower part of the arytenoid cartilages, and is bounded by the true 

 vocal cords, two smooth, strong, and straight folds of membrane projecting 

 inwards, with their free edges directed towards the middle line. Above the 

 glottis, another pair of projecting folds is seen, the superior or false vocal 

 cords, which are much thinner and weaker and less projecting than the 



