166 HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY. 



TABLE OF PHYSIOLOGICAL CONSTANTS. 



Mean height of male, 5 feet 6^ inches ; of female, 5 feet 2 inches. 

 Mean weight of male, 145 pounds ; of female, 121 pounds. 

 Number of chemical elements in the human body; from 16 to 18. 

 Number of proximate principles in the human body ; about 100. 

 Amount of water in the body weighing 145 pounds; 108 pounds. 

 Amount of solids in the body weighing 145 pounds; 36 pounds. 

 Amount of food required daily; 16 ounces meat, 19 ounces of bread, 3^ 



ounces of fat, 52 ounces of water. 

 Amount of saliva secreted in 24 hours ; about 3^ pounds. / 



Function of saliva ; converts starch into glucose. 



Active principle of saliva ; ptyalin. 

 Amount of gastric juice secreted in 24 hours; from 8 to 14 pounds. 



Functions of gastric juice ; converts albumen into albuminose. 



Active principles of gastric juice ; pepsin and hydrochloric acid. 

 Duration of digestion ; from 3 to 5 hours. 

 Amount of intestinal juice secreted in 24 hours; about I pound. 



Function of intestinal juice ; converts starch into glucose. 

 Amount of pancreatic juice secreted in 24 hours; about i^ pounds. 



Active principles of pancreatic juice ; pancreatin and trypsin. 



C I. Emulsifies fats. 



Functions : \ 2. Converts albumen into albuminose. 

 ( 3. Converts starch into glucose. 



Amount of bile poured into the intestines daily ; about 2J^ pounds. 



f i. Assists in the emulsification of fats. 



-p, . j 2. Stimulates the peristaltic movements. 



1 3. Prevents putrefactive changes in the food. 



L 4. Promotes the absorption of the fat. 



Amount of blood in the body ; from 16 to 18 pounds. 

 Size of red corpuscles ; -3 ^Vo f an i ncn - 

 Size of white corpuscles ; ^W ^ an i ncn - 

 Shape of red corpuscles ; circular biconcave disks. 

 Shape of white corpuscles ; globular. 



Number of red corpuscles in a cubic millimetre of blood (the cubic ^ 

 of an inch) ; 5,000,000. 



