l8 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 



5. A suitable sanitary place must be provided 

 for ripening cream and for cooling butter. 



6. Scarcity of farm help. 



What precautions would you observe in operating 

 a separator? 



1. Follow the directions of the manufacturer. 



2. Keep the machine level and on a solid founda- 

 tion. 



3. Keep all parts of the machine absolutely 

 clean. 



4. Keep all moving parts well oiled with the 

 recommended oil. 



5. Start the machine slowly. 



6. Fill the bowl with warm water before start- 

 ing. 



7. Keep the speed even and the milk feed supply 

 steady. 



8. When through separating flush the bowl with 

 skim milk and warm water. 



9. Allow the revolving bowl to stop slowly. 



10. Keep the machine and its parts in good 

 repair. 



11. Test the skim milk frequently. 



What is pasteurization? 



Pasteurization consists in heating milk to at least 

 140 F. for at least ten minutes, for the purpose of 

 destroying bacterial life. The heating is followed 

 by rapid cooling to check spore formation. The 

 word is derived from Pasteur, a French scientist. 



What methods of pasteurization are used? 



i. Continuous; that is, heating continuously for 

 considerable time. 



