THE TEXAS DE TOLIF. 219 



Santero, Tolu, Eincon, and Chichimar. The two latter are 

 nearest the coast. The Tetas de Tolu rise in the middle of 

 the savannahs. There, from the trunks of the Toluifera 

 balsamum, is collected the precious balsam of Tolu, hereto- 

 fore so celebrated in the pharmacopoeias of Europe, and in 

 which is a profitable article of trade at Corozal, Caimito, 

 and the town of Tocasuan. In the savannahs (altas del 

 Tolu), oxen and mules wander half wild. Several of those 

 hills, between Cienega de Pesquero and the Punta del 

 Comissario, are linked two-and-two together, like basaltic 

 columns ; it is, however, very probable that they are cal- 

 careous, like the Tctas de Managua, south of the Havannah. 

 In the archipelago of San Bernardo, we passed between 

 the island of Salamanquilla and Cape Boqueron. "We had 

 scarcely quitted the gulf of Morosquillo, when the sea 

 became so rough, that the waves frequently washed over the 

 deck of our little vessel. It was a fine moonlight night. 

 Our captain sought in vain a sheltering-place on the coast, 

 to the north of the village of Eincon. We cast anchor at 

 four fathoms; but having discovered that we were lying 

 over a reef of coral, w r e preferred the open sea. 



The coast has a singular configuration beyond the Morro 

 de Tigua, the terminatory point of the group of little 

 mountains which rise like islands from the plain. We 

 found at first a marshy soil, extending over a square of 

 eight leagues, between the Bocas de Matuna and Matunilla. 

 These marshes are connected by the Cienega de la Cruz, 

 with the Dique of Mahates and the Eio Magdalena. The 

 island of Bam, which, with the island of Tierra Bomba, 

 forms the vast port of Carthagena, is, properly speaking, 

 but a peninsula fourteen miles long, separated from the 

 continent by the narrow channel of Pasacaballos. The 

 :.ivhipelngo of San Bernardo is situated opposite Cape 

 Boqueron. Another archipelago, called Eosario, lies off 

 the southern point of the peninsula of Bam. These rents 

 in the coast are repeated at the 10 and 11 of latitude. 

 The peninsulas near the Ensenada of Galera de Zamba, and 

 near the port oi Savanilla, have the same aspect as the 

 peninsula Baru. Similar causes have produced similar 

 effects ; and the geologist must not neglect those analogies, 

 in the configuration of a coast which, from Punta Caribana 



