100 



it being later as we go towards the pole. Thus, at Cape Adare (Lat. 71 S.) it is about 9h. p.m., and on the 

 "Belgica" Expedition (Lat. 71 S.) also about 9h. p.m. The aurora with us usually appeared first at about 

 4h. p.m., low down on the horizon, and gradually moved up towards the zenith, reaching a maximum 

 altitude at about 4h. a.m. (See the frequency diagram, p. 126.) 



There are many points of interest, such as a diurnal period, a monthly period due to the moon's phases 

 the magnetic direction of aurora at different hours of the day simultaneous appearance of aurorse with 

 those at northern stations and with sudden outbreaks of solar spots, the relation with terrestrial magnetism 

 and meteorological phenomena, &c. 



With regard to the direction of aurora at Winter Harbour, it is interesting to note that displays were 

 almost exclusively confined to the geographical eastern sky, which was also the direction from which the 

 prevailing winds blew. Auroras were seldom seen in the geographical west. Arcs and segments of arcs 

 at right angles to the magnetic meridian (N.) were frequently recorded. 



In the following observations all the times given are local mean time. 



All auroral directions are astronomical, unless clearly stated otherwise or where the word " magnetic " 

 indicates that the direction is magnetic. 



All wind directions are astronomical. 



Where altitudes of beams, shafts, rays, &c., are given, the altitude of the lowest part closest to the 

 horizon is meant, unless expressed otherwise. 



Temperatures are in Fahrenheit degrees. 



The very excellent drawings reproduced in Plates 8 to 14 were made on the spot by Dr. EDWARD A. 

 WILSON. 



