CONNECTIVE TISSUES. 347 



caustic soda or potash. They arc normally acidophilous, but 

 are easily rendered artificially basopliilous by means of 

 chromic acid or other mordants, and then stain with great 

 energy with basic dyes. Hence a group of stains of which 

 those of Lustgarten and Martinotti are types. They have a 

 natural affinity for orcein, whence stains of the Taenzer- 

 TJnna type. 



For a review of the older methods of BALZKB, UNNA, 

 LUSTGARTEN, and HERXHKIMER, see the paper by GL MARTINOTTI, 

 in Zftit. wiss. Mik. } iv, 1887, p. 31 ; also Kncycl. mil'. Teclmik., 

 art. " Elastin." 



693. Victoria Blue (LUSTGARTKN). See 289. 



694. Safranin (G-. MARTINOTTI, loc. cit., 692). Fix in a 

 chromic liquid, wash, stain for forty-eight hours in strong 

 (5 per cent. Pfitzner's) solution of safranin, wash, dehydrate, 

 clear, and mount in balsam. Elastic fibres black. 



The staining will be performed quicker if it be done at the temperature 

 of an incubating stove (GRIESBACH, ibid., iv, 1887, p. 442). See also 

 FERRIA (ibid., v, 1888, p. 342). 



See also MIBELLI, Mon. Zool. Italiano, 1, p. 17, or Zeit. wiss. Mik., vii, 

 1890, p. 225 (the report in Journ. Roy. Mic. Soc., 1890, p. 803, is 

 vitiated by a misprint). Other basic dyes have been recommended. 



695. Kresofuchsin (RO'THIG, see 289). 



696. Orcein. This method is due to TAENZER, and as 

 modified by UNNA is known as the TAENZER-UNNA method, 

 see third edition, or Monatssch. prakt. DermatoL, xii, 1891, 

 p. 394. 



UNNA'S Modified Orcein Method (Monatssch. prakt. Dermatol., 

 xix, 1894, p. 397; Zeit. wiss. Mik., xii, 1895, p. 240). 

 Griibler's orcein 1 part, hydrochloric acid 1 part, absolute 

 alcohol 100 parts. Stain sections for thirty to sixty 

 minutes, or for ten to fifteen at 30 C., rinse in alcohol, clear, 

 and mount. Elastin dark brown, collagen light brown. 



See alsoMerk. Sitz. Akad. Wiss. J^ew.,cviii,1899,p. 335; 

 xix, 1903, p. 361 (he takes 2 per cent, of nitric acid instead of the hydro- 

 chloric, and stains six to twenty-four hours) ; WOLFF, ibid., p. 488 ; the 

 article " Elastin" in Encycl. mile. Teclmik. ; and E. and T. SAVINI, Zeit. 

 iriss. Mik., xxvi, 1909, p. 34. 



