418 CHAPTER XXXIlf. 



My elin-and- axis-cylinder Stains. 



803. Methylen Blue. SAHLI (Zeit. wiss. Mik., 1885, p. 1) stains 

 sections of tissue hardened in bichromate for several hours in concen- 

 trated aqueous solution of methylen blue, rinses with water, and stains 

 for five minutes in saturated aqueous solution of Saurefuchsin. If now 

 the sections be rinsed with alcohol and brought into a liberal quantity 

 of water, the stain becomes differentiated, axis-cylinders being shown 

 coloured red and the myelin sheaths blue. 



Or, the sections are stained for a few minutes or hours in : 

 Water ....... 40 parts. 



Saturated aqueous solution of methylen blue 24 

 5 per cent, solution of borax . . . 16 



then washed either in water or alcohol until the grey matter comes 



out, cleared with cedar oil and mounted in balsam. 



804. Saurefuchsin. FINOTTI (Virchow's Archiv, cxliii, 1896, p. 133) 

 stains strongly in Delafield's haematoxylin, then for a few seconds in 

 concentrated solution of picric acid, then in 0'5 per cent. Saurefuchsin, 

 and treats with alkaline alcohol (caustic potash). 



OHLMACHER (Joum. Exj cr. Med., ii, 1897, p. 675) stains sections for 

 one minute with anilin- water gentian, then for a few seconds in a solu- 

 tion of 0'5 per cent Saurefuchsin in saturated solution of picric acid 

 diluted with one volume of water, and differentiates with alcohol and 

 clove oil. 



KAPLAN (Arch. Psychiatr., xxxv, 1902, p. 825) mordants (for months) 

 in Miiller, stains sections for a day or more in per cent, aqueous 

 Saurefuchsin, rinses in water acidulated with HC1, and differentiates by 

 the method of PAL (permanganate and potassium sulphite). 



805. Safranin. ADAMKIEWICS (Sitzb. k. Akad. Wiss. Wien. Math. 

 Naturw. KL, 1884, p. 245 ; Zeit. wiss. Mile., 1884, p. 587). Stains sections 

 of Miiller material in concentrated solution of safranin, differentiates in 

 alcohol and clove oil, brings back again into water, washes in water acidi- 

 fied with acetic acid, and stains in methylen Hue. Myelin red, nuclei 

 violet. 



Similarly CIAGLINSKI (Zeit. wiss. Mik., viii, 1891, p. 19) and STEOEBE 

 (ibid., x, 1893, p. 336), the former employing safranin followed by anilin 

 blue, whilst the latter first stains with anilin blue, then differentiates 

 with alcohol containing a very little caustic potash, and after-stains with 

 safranin. 



806. Congo Red. NISSL (Zeit. wiss. Mik., 1886, p. 398) stains for 3 

 days in Congo red (5 parts to 400 of water) and differentiates in alcohol 

 with 3 per cent, of nitric acid. 



807. OTHER METHODS. For PALADINO'S palladium chloride methods 

 see last ed., or Rendic R. Accad. Scienze, Napoli, iv, 1890, p. 14, and 

 1891 [1892], p. 227; and Boll. Accad. Mcd. Roma, xix, 1893, p. 256; 

 Arch. Ital. Biol., xx, 1894, p. 40. 



For WOLTERS' vanadium chloride process see next chapter. 



