470 rilAlTKR XXXVI. 



and stained with dilute borax-cramine. It is important (for 

 preparations that are not destined to be sectioned) to use 

 only dilute borax-carmine, as the strong solution produces 

 an over-stain that cannot easily be reduced. 



Narcotisation by chloral hydrate before fixing is useful, 

 especially for the study of Pentacrinus larvas and of the 

 young Si/narjtse formed from Auricularia. Without this 

 precaution you generally get preparations of larvae either 

 shut up (Pentacrinus) , or entirely deformed by contraction 

 (young Synaptse). 



See also MACBRIDE 011 the development of Amphiura sq 

 (Jinn-t. Journ. Micr. Set'., xxxiv, 1892, p. 131 (osmic acid followed by liquid 

 of Miiller and alcohol ; decalciiicatioii with nitric acid in alcohol ; stain- 

 ing with Mayer's paracarmine or hsenialum) ; and SEELIGER on the de- 

 velopment of Ante Jon, Zool. Jahrb., Ahth. Anat., vi, 1892, p. 161. 



MACBRIDE (Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci., xxxviii, 1896, p. 340) fixes larvuj 

 of Asterina in osmic acid, brings into liquid of Miiller for twelve to four- 

 teen hours, imbeds in celloidin followed by paraffin (see 171). and 

 stains sections with carmalum or Delafield's hajiiiatoxylin, best after a 

 foregoing stain of twenty-four hours in borax carmine. 



MAYER (Gruudziuje, LEE and HAYEK, 1910, p. 486) 

 a number of fixed nnd stained Plutei on a sheet of gelatin 

 foil gummed to a slide with euparal, dehydrates by adding 

 alcohol by drops, and adds euparal and a cover. See ;i1s<> 

 WOODLAND, Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci., xlix, 1905, p. 307. 



Cuvlcnlerata. 



899. Thread-cells. IWANZOFF (Bull. Soc. Nat. M<scou, x, ls%, 

 p. !7) advises for the Nematocysts of Actinia; maceration by the HEKT- 

 WIG'S method, 534, or better, fixation for two to five minutes with 

 vapour of osmium followed by a short washing with sea water or distilkd 

 water. 



For Medusae he also advises the HEBTWIG'S method, 534, or treat- 

 ment with a solution containing methyl green and gentian violet with a 

 little osmic acid. 



900. LITTLE (Journ. App. Mic., vi, 1903, p. 2116; Journ. 

 Hoy. Mic. Soc., 1903, p. 237) kills Hydra in hot saturated 

 sublimate in 70 per cent, alcohol, washes with alcohol, stains 

 for five minutes in strong solution of methylen blue, dehy- 



