36 



THE AXIAL SKELETON 



First dorsal vertebra 

 Vertebra thoracalis I. 



Intercostal spaces 

 Spatia intercostalia 



Arch of the ribs 

 Arcus costarum 



Upper opening of the thorax 



Apertura thoracis superior 



Anterior surface of the sternum 



First lumbar vertebra 

 Vertebra lumbalis I. 



Subcostal angle 

 Angulus infrasternalis 



Lower opening of the 

 thorax 



Costae verae, sternal or true ribs ; 8 12, Costae spuriae, asternal or false ribs ; 11 and 12, Costs fluctuantes, 



floating ribs.) 



FIG. 79. THE THORAX SEEN FROM BEFORE. 



The Thorax. 



