THE ARTICULATIONS OF THE LOWER LIMB 

 Quadriceps extensor cruris muscle 



235 



Synovial membrane' 



Alar ligament 



Plica alaris 



Anterior or external crucial liga- 

 ment Lig. cruciatum anterius 



Posterior or internal 

 crucial ligament (') 



Internal lateral ligament of ( 



the knee-joint <.-) 

 Internal semilonar nbrocartllage ( ;) 



Synovial membrane ~ 



Ligament of Wrisberg (arising 



in this specimen from the 



internal semilunar 



fibrocartilage) 



Tendon of the semimem- 

 branosus muscle 



Posterior ligament of 

 the knee-joint 



Lig. popliteura 

 obliquura 



Popliteus muscle 



' | Subcrureus muscle 

 M. articularis genu 



Bursa beneath the suprapatellar 



tendon 

 Bursa suprapatellaris 



Synovial membrane 



Articular surface of the patella 

 Fades articularis patella: 



Alar ligament 

 Plica alaris 



Mucous ligament 



Piica synovialis patellaris 



Tendon of the popliteus muscle 



External lateral ligament of 

 the knee-joint 



Lig. collateral fibulare 



\ Synovial sheath of the tendon 

 "~ x of the popliteus muscle 

 Bursa m. poplitei 



External semilunar fibrocartilage 

 ^Meniscus lateralis 



Downward prolongation of the synovial 

 sheath of the tendon of the popliteus muse' e 

 between that muscle and the back of the 

 outer tuberosity of the tibia 



Bursa m. poplitei 

 Head of the fibula 

 Capitulum fibula?. 



(i) Lig. cruciatum po terius (2) Lig. collaterals tibiale (3) Meniscus medialis 



FIG. 473. ARTICULATIO GENU, THE KNEE-JOINT: THE SEMILUNAR FIBROCARTILAGES, THE ALAR LIGAMENTS, 

 AN.D THE MUCOUS LlGAMENT; THE INSERTION INTO THE SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE OF THE SUBCRUREUS MfSCLE; 

 THE EXTENSION OF THE SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE OF THE KNEE-JOINT TO FORM THE SYNOVIAL SHEATH OF THE 

 TENDON OF THE POPLITEUS MUSCLE AND THE BURSA BETWEEN THAT MUSCLE AND THE POSTERIOR SURFACE 

 OF THE OUTER TUBEROSITY OF THE TIBIA, AND THE RELATION OF THE SYNOVIAL SHEATH OF THE TENDON 

 TO THE EXTERNAL LATERAL LIGAMENT OF THE KNEE-JOINT. (THE PROXIMAL EXTREMITIES OF THE BONES 



OF THE LEG WITH THE ANTERIOR WALL OF THE CAPSULE OF THE KNEE.JoiNT SEEN FROM BEHIND.) 



After the joint had been injected, and the injected material allowed to solidify, the capsule of the joint was prepared 

 from without, the quadriceps extensor cruris muscle being left intact ; the lateral ligaments and the tendon of the 

 popliteus muscle were then divided, and the capsule was opened behind and on either side at a higher level trun 

 the semilunar cartilages, and was divided in front along the line of its reflection on to the anterior surface of the 

 femur; after division of the crucial liyani nts, the femur was removed. 



Articulatio genu The knee-joint. 



302 



