TOPOGRAPIl 





,ire very favorable for an exi- 

 if the entire genito-un- 



The Rectum. The rectum li. Dromon' 



anus in a double curve. The first or long curv- sacrum, and 



he sacral curve i icra-lis). It extends to th- :^\d to the 



.te, and the concavity i anteriorly. Tin curve is 



in the perineum (flexura perinealis)} it is convex anteriorly, only abou 

 i. and is surrounded by the external sphincter ani muscle. A kno> 

 is important for operative procedures and for the introduction of the r< 

 rectum also deviates from the median line in some cases, but to so slight a dc. i 



variation is of no practical importance. The narrowest portion of the rectum is its ten 1 



which is surround (ainkfriofrfae sphincters. Just above thio io a dilatation, the ampulla recti, \ 



j 



is particularly dei^te^wf 2 puslerioih. The posterior wall of the rectum is attached tb the 



^^^**~~ 



issue in whkJ3^T~situated a number of lymphatic glands. These 

 ifiac articulation; in cases of rectal caret! 



sacrum by loose connective 

 glands extend upward to t 

 involved and must be re 

 which anastomose with the 

 curve borders anteriorly up 



In this neighborhood there is also .a large numl 



venouSS^mprrhoidal plexus surrounding th| 

 nYthe prostate gland. At this point-rectal carcinoi 



Tl 



to the prostate, the prosta 

 prostatic hypertrophy and 

 rectum and render defecatio 

 The sacral ciy&M&m^b 

 the rectovesical fold and is 



the fundua*efv*l 



i parts may therefore be iivolvedT5V~ti- 

 t ier may be entered frbm the rectum without 



'\ ' IWJll 



y be treated surgically through the anterj^f^rectal wa 

 alcul\situate4 in the fundus of the bladcjer may press up 



difficiUt. < 



ed into, two- sections. The inferior one 



ed by peritoneum. It borders ant 



rineal 



sinknoL 



, and 

 n the 



. eurj3.il 



tubau'i. 



^ "' l " /T-O 



the ampullas of the vasa cleierentia, and the-t*.'minal 



' . p 



a rectal carcinoma. In this situation 

 ning 1jip 



int. T) 



und; 



c 



c 



a 



s 



centii 



this 



of the sacrum. 



j \ 



\ ( turn an<! 

 um mi 



V 



' 



' * ' ' * - i . . 

 romontory, tli^peri 



' mcvSn'r1u 

 \ 



peritoneum 





t the promontory 



f 



rtion 



THE PELVIC CAVITY IN THE FEMALE. 



The essential differen< 



to the fact lhat the male genitalia take up 1; 

 th -elvis. In the female, however, the ova 



