CONCERNING DOGS. 169 



thing of that sort, to give them as a prize for 

 doing well, or to get them in a good temper 

 after chastising them ; but you must guard 

 against too much of this prize giving, for if you 

 make a practice of it the dog will be continually 

 looking out for it. 



In thrashing an old dog who has set you at 

 defiance, it is well to put on a muzzle first, as 

 it enables you to conquer him with about one 

 quarter the thrashing that it would otherwise 

 take ; he knows he can't fight, and is therefore 

 beaten, so all he can do is to take as much as 

 you like to give him. 



When your young dog is broken, in the 

 manner I have already described, it is neces- 

 sary to teach him to back other dogs. Take 

 an old dog out with the young one and, when 

 the former gets the point, ' drop ' the latter 'till 

 you walk up to the old dog and put up your 

 birds. After dropping him a few times in this 

 way, you should speak to him, holding up your 

 hand and saying: " Steady, Shot, steady, at 

 them, good dog." If he does not point 

 properly drop him to your hand, and, if he is 



