THE WOOLLY APHIS. 



Stedman (p. 44) mentions that u towards the latter part of summer, 

 winged agamic females are developed. In the station laboratory 

 breeding cages, these winged forms first appeared on the twenty-sixth 

 of August." 



FIG. 7. Apple Shoots attacked by the Woolly Aphis. 

 (From a photograph taken by Mr. J. G. Blakey, of Redditch.) 



I have not been fortunate in meeting with many of the pupae 

 or nymphs, but I have seen a fair number of the winged females. 

 These latter fly from tree to tree and to other orchards. Here they 

 produce living young, and continue to do so until the end of the 

 autumn. 



In the case under observation a wingless sexual generation was 

 noticed early in November, fewer males than females, which latter are 

 oviparous. 



The sexual female is very small, and after depositing a single egg 

 close to the base of the tree she dies, the egg is usually enveloped 

 in the dead skin of the parent. 



In the spring this egg develops into a larval form, which soon 

 becomes a u Queen-mother " and produces living young. 



Whilst the above cycle has been taking place on the branches of 

 the tree, a similar one takes place amongst those forms living at the 

 roots of the tree, excepting that no eggs are laid by the root forms. 

 During the winter, many of the branch forms migrate to the roots, 

 and in the spring they return to the branches. Stedman mentions that 

 in Missouri the root form is the only one that does any injury, the 

 branch form " being only occasionally seen ; and when found, occurs 

 only in small, unimportant, isolated colonies." 



