POLAR ICE- CAPS AND SEA LEVELS. 349 



Arctic Sea would be stopped and the ice would 

 spread out. The whole ocean would be cooled 

 down to freezing point, and then the ice would 

 thicken, the average temperature being far below 

 freezing point. The mean annual temperature 

 within the Arctic circle is 10 degrees (Fahrenheit). 

 Mr. Buchan has kindly prepared for me an esti- 

 mate of the temperature, which I shall read. 



" Mean annual temperature within Arctic circle, 

 as a whole, is 10 F. Pole of cold appears to lie in 

 about lat. 84 N., long. 150 W., around which an 

 area of over 6,000 square miles has a temperature 

 of - 5 F. Two smaller centres of low tempera- 

 ture one over Siberia about lat. 72 N., long. 

 123 E., and the other in North America, lat. 73 

 N., long. 105 W., over Melville Sound. Each of 

 these centres has a temperature slightly below 

 oF. 



" In January the centre of the main low tem- 

 perature area is in almost the same position as 

 shown on the annual map. The lowest tempera- 

 ture shown is 35 F., and this iso-thermal in- 

 cludes an area of nearly 2,000,000 square miles. 



