

UNVEILING OF JOULE'S STATUE. 569 



year 1850 have been worked out, not in a haphazard 

 way but on a careful philosophical basis. James 

 Watt had anticipated to some degree in his com- 

 pound engine and his expansive system the benefits 

 now realised, but he was before his time in that 

 respect and he had not the complete foundation 

 which Joule's mechanical equivalent and Carnot's 

 theory have since given for the improvement of the 

 steam engine. 



May I be allowed to congratulate the city of 

 Manchester on its proceedings to-day ? When 

 the cover was lifted from the statue of Joule 

 I felt deeply touched at the sight of the face 

 of my old friend. To my mind it is a most 

 admirable likeness, and the ideality of the ac- 

 cessory of the little brass model held in the hand, 

 the eidolon of what was in the mind of the 

 powerful thinking face shown in marble, seems to 

 me most interesting and most striking I think I 

 may say poetical. This little model is not Joule's 

 first apparatus nor his second : it is his third and 

 greatest apparatus for the determination of the 

 mechanical equivalent of heat that by which he 



