THE LIDS 71 



tions enumerated by other authors (Unna, Bodin, etc.), are found 

 on prolonged cultivation not to be constant. The researches of Krai, 

 Sabrazes, and Pick, have shown that they are merely variations of the 

 same mould. 1 



Cuenod conducted an investigation to see whether the Achorion 

 played any part in the cause of the ordinary ciliary blepharitis, induced 

 thereto by the fact that Ellinger (Virchow's Archiv f. Path. Anat., 

 1862, Bd. xxviii., S. 449) found a mould resembling favus in the roots of 

 the cilia in a case of apparently simple blepharitis. Cue"nod only once 

 found something similar along with many colonies of aureus. In an 

 article by Gunning (Neederl. Tidjschr. v. Geneesk., 1865, ii., 4, S. 417) 

 we find a record similar to that of Ellinger. Vorner (K. M. f. A., 

 August, 1901, ii., S. 872) is of the opinion that, in the cases of 

 Ellinger and Gunning, it was not favus which was observed, but 

 either a Tricliophyton or a chance occurrence of some mould in 

 a simple blepharitis ciliaris. According to Pecoraro, the lid margin 

 is generally exempt from favus. 



Tinea Triehophytina (Ringworm) of the lids presents no special 

 peculiarities. In the cases of Cartaz (Lyon Medicate, 1870, No. 2) and 

 Gailleton (Gaz. Hebdom., June 21, 1889) the lids were involved 

 in a tinea of the face. Mibelli (Ann. di Ottal., 1894, xxiii., p. 368) 

 described a ' blepharitis trichophytica.' Further observations are given 

 by Niclos and Hallopeau (Medecine Moderne, 1895, No. 6), fully 

 quoted by A. Terson (loc. cit., p. 440), Vorner (Klin. Mon.f. A., 1901, 

 p. 971), 2 Snell (Ophth. Eev., 1902, p. 90). Herzog (Z.f. A., 1904, xi. 

 and xii.) gives a detailed description of lid favus, with special 

 reference to the peculiar histological changes (Plasmonlildung) which 

 occur. 



From epilated cilia Vorner obtained on various media snow-white 

 cultures, with aerial hyphse several millimetres high. Microscopically 

 the mycelial hyphse presented the appearance of septate filaments 

 dividing dichotomously ; fructification organs developed in older 

 cultures. The long aerial hyphse, even in young colonies, showed 

 buds from which the reproductive organs developed ; later on fructifica- 

 tion became more and more obvious. A thick felted mycelium of the 

 Tricliophyton, throughout which are reproductive organs, lies in the 

 root sheath of the epilated hair. 



In a case which I observed in Eostock, where, along with an eruption 

 on the temple, the under lid was also affected, I was easily able to 



1 Of. Plaut, 'Handbuch von Kolle und Wassermann,' 1903, Bd. i., S. 604 ff. 



2 Vorner quotes cases by Del Chiappa, Majocchi, and Dubreuille. 



