SPECIAL FORMS OF CONJUNCTIYAL INFECTION 151 



Zur Nedden found the same results in a case of non-gonorrhceal blennorrheea 

 iieonatorum and in other cases of acute conjunctivitis of variable intensity. In two 

 cases the conjunctivitis was very 

 slight. At first he named them 

 pseudo-influenza bacilli, on account 

 of their long and convoluted in- 

 volution forms ; but on account of 

 the results which Grasberger subse- 

 quently announced, he altered their 

 designation to influenza bacilli. 1 

 In these cases, and also in others 

 which he has reported more re- 

 cently, catarrhal influenzal symp- 

 toms were present in the air pas- 

 sages. Otitis media and blennorrheea 

 of the sac have also been ob- 

 served (Saemisch). These occurred 

 when an influenzal epidemic broke 

 out in Bonn, ceased with it, and 

 fresh cases occurred with a new 

 epidemic. In thirteen cases, mostly 

 of children, the conjunctiva alone F IG< 20. SHAKE PREPARATION (EYMOWITSCH 

 was affected in only five. Zur OF A TWENTY-FOUR HOUR HAEMOGLOBIN 

 Nedden therefore considers this AGAR CULTURE, x 270. 



conjunctivitis as serious. He has < Influenza.' 



recorded a case of severe purulent 



keratitis with only influenza bacilli in the ulcer. He almost invariably found the 

 influenza bacillus in pure culture, only occasionally was it mixed with Pneumococci 

 and Streptococci. Zur Nedden rightly 

 emphasizes that, as distinguished from 

 the Koch-Weeks bacilli, the influenza 

 bacilli are neither so slender nor so 

 long, and that haemoglobin is essential 

 for them. He agrees with L. Miiller 

 regarding their free growth on pigeon's 

 blood, which does not as a rule occur 

 with Koch - Weeks bacilli (Luerssen 

 records some exceptional cases). Ac- 

 cording to him, the influenza colonies on 

 blood-agar retain their homogeneous con- 

 dition and their hemispherical promi- 

 nence, while the colonies of the Koch- 

 Weeks bacilli, which are much more 

 difficult to cultivate, soon become in- 



distinguishable on the surface of the 

 medium.' 2 Bacilli with the appearance 

 of Koch-Weeks bacilli have never yet 

 been found in the bronchial secretions. 



/ 



FIG. 21. THE SAME CULTURE AS 

 FIG. 20. x 90. 



1 Influenza.' 



1 Quite recently Luerssen has issued a paper from Pfeiffer's Institute in which he 

 distinguishes between influenza and pseudo-influenza bacilli. The difference, however, is 

 limited to morphological peculiarities of definite cultures. 



2 Luerssen brings forward another differentiating characteristic the Koch- Weeks bacillus 

 is agglutinated by certain normal sera, while the strains of influenza and Miiller's bacillus 

 which he examined were not. The Koch-Weeks bacillus, too, will not diffuse into normal 

 saline solution unless first rubbed up in distilled water. 



