SPECIAL FORMS OF CONJUNCTIVAL INFECTION 251 



The latter died from diarrhoea. The bacillus was very like the Bacillus 

 gallinarum, and belonged to the group of the Polar-staining Bacteria 

 (plague, hsemorrhagic septicaemia, etc.). The drawing (Fig. 51) is 

 from a pure culture, kindly sent me by Dr. Scholtz. 



This is certainly a very interesting organism. Being an isolated case, a causal 

 significance in Parinaud's conjunctivitis is unlikely, though it must be admitted 

 that in the case quoted it may have played some part in the inflammation. 



In spite of the many points of histological resemblance, it cannot be said that 

 tuberculosis is a likely cause of Parinaud's conjunctivitis. Every inoculation has 

 failed, and the search for the Bacillus tuberculosis has also been unsuccessful. 

 This question requires further investigation to 

 show whether an organismal cause is present, 



and if so what it is. 



For the Literature, cf. Hoor, K. M.f. A., liii., 

 1905, p. 40; also Bohmer, Ann. d'ocul., 1894, 

 T. iii., p. 360 ; Villeneuve, These de Paris, 

 1896, p. 95 ; Gourfein, Rev. gen. d'ophth., 1907, 

 p. 54. 



8. Conjunctivitis in the Acute 

 Exanthemata. 



CONJUNCTIVITIS OF MEASLES. 



It is obvious, from the variety of the 



findings, that the well-known coniunc- FlG - 51. SCHOLTZ' BACILLUS, 

 ,..,.,., . , . FROM PARINAUD'S CONJUNCTI- 



tivitis which occurs in measles is ex- VITIS. x 1,000. 



anthematous in origin, and is not due a, Blood-serum culture, four days 

 to an infection with the ordinary causes 

 of conjunctivitis. 



In a large number of measles cases 

 Giarre and Picchi found the influenza 

 bacillus, as did M. Neisser and A. Mayer. 1 Morax, on the other 

 hand, in twenty-two cases out of twenty-six only found the common 

 saprophytes of the conjunctiva. (This agrees with my own observa- 

 tions.) In one of his cases influenza bacilli, in two Koch- Weeks 

 bacilli, in one Diplobacilli were found. Morax considered these four 

 cases to be secondary infections of the conjunctiva. 



In forty cases Schottelius 2 almost always found the Bacillus xerosis 

 regularly associated with Staphylococci, in twenty cases the aureus ; 

 besides this organism the Streptococcus pyogencs was found six times 

 (proteus once, the Diplolacilhis once, and once 'air cocci'). The 

 special epidemic examined was one with a high mortality ; in 50 per 

 cent, of the post-mortem sections streptococcal sepsis was found. In the 



1 Munch. Med. Woch., 1904. - K. M.f. A., 1904, xvii. 1, p. 565. 



old (involution forms) ; b, agar 

 culture, eight days old, at room 

 temperature (bacilli typical) ; 

 c, deposit from a six-day-old cul- 

 ture in bouillon (overstained). 



