298 BACTERIOLOGY OF THE EYE 



STIEHL, Munch, med. Woch., 1895, S. 227 ; A'rztl. Yerein, Niirnberg. 



SUSCHKIN, Westnik ottalmol., 1902, S. 374. 



TERSON, Clinique ophth., 1901, p. 97. 



TOMMASONI, Giornale italiano delle malattie veneree, September, 1893. 



VAN DER STRAETEN, Bullet, de la Soc. Beige d'ophth., November 26, 1899, p. 70. 



VELHAGEX, Miinch. med. Woch., 1907, p. 691. 



WOLFF und ISRAEL, Virch. Archiv, 1891, Bd. 126, S. 11. 



Infections of the Laerymal Glands. 



Except as regards direct injury, the lacrymal glands are, from their 

 position and by their flow of secretion, especially well protected 

 against external infection. Boch's observations show that occasionally 

 an 'infection can pass up from the conjunctiva into the gland; he 

 reports partial suppuration of the gland after a traumatic paiiophthal- 

 mitis. When the gland simply swells and does not suppurate, it is 

 still doubtful whether this is due to the actual entrance of organisms, 

 or to simple vasomotor or toxic swelling. 



A ' trachoma of the lacrymal gland ' (Baquis, Annal. di OttaL, 1894 ; 

 Ziegler's Beitriigc, 1894) cannot be considered to have been positively 

 seen. 



Even amongst the cases of isolated purulent dacryo-adenitis, 

 many instances may be endogenous. Certainly there is a pre- 

 disposition to many endogenous infections, as, for instance, for the 

 unknown agent in epidemic parotitis. These forms of endogenous 

 dacryo-adenitis are mostly bilateral, and occur during or at the end 

 of an acute febrile condition. 



In miliary tuberculosis the Bacillus tuberculosis can settle down in 

 this gland (Axenfeld), although in tuberculosis of the conjunctiva of 

 long duration such a condition practically never occurs. In experi- 

 mental hsematogenous tuberculosis in rabbits Stock found that the 

 glands were frequently affected. 



The bacteriological findings available show that in the acute cases 

 with abscess formation the Stapliylococci, especially the Staph. aureus, 

 are the most important (Orlandini, Jaurne ;. the older literature is 

 given in these papers). In two cases I have cultivated the Staplnjlo- 

 coccus pyogencs aureus. In the connective tissues of the gland Boch 

 twice founds, collections of cocci, whose nature was not more definitely 

 determined. 



Gasparrini's case was peculiar in that the inflammation was re- 

 stricted to the glands of Krause in the lower lid. In the fluid removed 

 by puncture he found Pneumococci. Orlandini obtained the same 

 result in the case of a patient with pneumonia. This last case was 



