The Grayling Family 181 



and grayling, the natural conditions are changed. 

 The scorching rays of the summer sun are 

 admitted where once mosses and ferns and the 

 trailing arbutus luxuriated in the shade of a 

 dense growth of pines and hemlocks and firs. 

 The soil becomes dry, the carpet of green 

 shrivels and dies, and the myriads of insects 

 that once bred and multiplied in the cool and 

 grateful shade, and whose larvae furnish the food 

 for the baby fish, disappear. The brooks and 

 rivulets diminish and vanish. A page has been 

 torn from the book of nature, and the place 

 that trout and grayling knew so well is known 

 no more forever. 



THE MONTANA GRAYLING 



(Thymallus montanus) 



The Montana grayling was collected by Pro- 

 fessor James W. Milner, of the United States Fish 

 Commission, in 1872, from a tributary of the 

 Missouri River, at Camp Baker, in Montana. He 

 named it montanus, from the name of the state. 

 Lewis and Clark, however, during their wonderful 

 journey that blazed the western course of empire, 

 described, but did not name it, seventy years 

 before, from fish taken near the head waters of 



