214 ORNITHOLOGY OF THE SCOTTISH NATIONAL ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION. 



The collection of eggs referred to above includes three of this species. They 

 measure 1 '5 x 1 '1 ins., and are white, irregularly spotted and blotched with pale vinaceous 

 grey and chocolate-brown. 



Phrygilus melanoderus (Q. et G.). Many of these bright-coloured little birds were 

 seen flitting about the shore. Three specimens were obtained, two adult males and a 

 female, on January 12th, 1903. 



Ossifraga gigantea (Gm.). Giant Petrels or " Nellies " were seen during the Scotia's 

 second visit to the Falklands, and one also during the last visit. 



Catarrhactes chrysocome (Forst.). One example of this penguin was obtained at 

 Cape Pembroke on January 5th, 1903. It is an adult female. 



Spheniscus magellanicus (Forst.). Seven specimens (six adults and one young bird) 

 are included in the collection. All are from the Tussock Islands, February 1904. 



The young bird measures (in the skin) about 19-20 ins. in length ; flipper 6 '5 ins., 

 culmen 17 ins. It is therefore only about half-grown, as the adult measures 28 ins. 

 A quantity of brown down still adheres to the feathers of the median line of the crown 

 and the whole of the hind neck. 



The plumage of the whole of the upper parts is of a uniform blue-grey appearance, 

 like that of Pygoscelis in fresh plumage, the feathers being tipped with blue and with 

 black shaft-streaks. The under parts are entirely white, with the exception of an ill- 

 defined dark grey band 1^-2 inches wide, corresponding in position to the neck-band 

 of the adult ; sides of head white mixed with grey. Underside of flipper much as in the 

 adult. The ridges on the base of the bill are already quite marked ; the groove between 

 culminicorn and latericorn is much more conspicuous than in the adult. 



The haunts of the Jackass Penguin, on William Islands, were visited during the 

 Scotia's third stay at Port Stanley. This penguin was found to inhabit burrows vary- 

 ing from a foot to a couple of yards in length among the roots of the tussock-grass 

 (Dactylis cxspitosa), and, " with caution, one could see it sitting at the mouth taking 

 the air, but at the least alarm away it rushes into the safety of this underground 

 dwelling. It has a curious habit of sitting far back in its burrow eyeing the intruder, 

 with its head turned sideways, now on one side now on another. This penguin derives 

 its popular name from the very close similarity between its cry and an ass's bray." 



During the Scotia's voyage from Buenos Aires to Port Stanley, penguins were 

 encountered on January 28th, in 45 31' S., or about 350 miles from the Falklands. 

 Others were seen the next two days, before Port Stanley was reached. To the south, 

 penguins were met with in about 57 S., 55 30' W., on November 30th, 1903, and again 

 on the next two days as the ship approached the Falklands. 



* R. N. Rudmose Brown, The Voyage of the " Scotia," p. 200. 



