ON THE BIRDS OF GOUGH ISLAND, SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN. 289 



" back and breast grey, head and neck sooty brown," and that his statement about the 

 mark on the mandible being white was an error. As we now know, this mandibular 

 stripe is pale blue and much smaller than in P. fuliginosa. 



Salvin (i.e., p. 454) says, "If these birds can be traced to a definite breeding-place 

 where they alone are found, it would be well to assign them specific rank." This Captain 

 Hutton has done, for he tells me that it is the common form in New Zealand, and 

 " breeds at the Auckland Islands and Antipodes at the end of October," but that he 

 does not recollect ever having seen the sooty form in New Zealand. That P. fuliginosa 

 alone, so far as our present information goes, breeds at Gough Island and Tristan da 

 Cunha has already been mentioned under that species, and this affords additional evi- 

 dence in favour of the specific difference of the two forms. 



This species was, however, observed off Gough Island by the Scottish Expedition in 

 somewhat less numbers than the last, but no specimens were obtained there. 



23. Catarrhactes chrysocome (Forster). 



Several Rock-hopper Penguins were seen ashore, but at places where they could not 

 be reached. Two skeletons, with some feathers still adhering to them, were found on 

 the beach where the landing was effected, and were secured. 



At Gough Island, Mr Comer says (Verrill, t.c., p. 462), there is no other kind of 

 penguin. They "number millions" and commence to lay by the 15th of September. 

 This is the only species of penguin found at Tristan da Cunha, where it breeds on all 

 three islands. 



In addition to the three endemic land-birds, to which special allusion has already 

 been made, the following marine species have been recorded for the Tristan da Cunha 

 Isles which have not been observed or obtained at Gough Island, namely : Anous 

 melanogenys, Pelagodroma marina, and Daption capensis, which Moseley (op. cit., 

 p. 134) says breeds there ! 



