FLORA OF MICHIGAN. 9 



The collection of G. F. Comstock, made in Lena wee County, 1845-'50, 

 now the property of Dr. W. J. Beal. 



The collection of Dr. W. J. Beal, now the property of the Michigan 

 Agricultural College. 



LOCAL LISTS CONSULTED. 



To the following persons we are indebted for lists of the plants growing 

 in their several localities: 



To O. A. Farwell, for full list of plants of the Keweenaw peninsula with 

 copious notes and many specimens. 



To Prof. H. C. Beardslee, of the University School, Cleveland, O., and 

 Prof. Chas. A. Kofoid, of Oberlin College, for a very complete list of the 

 plants of Cheboygan County, Mich., observed by them during the summer 

 of 1890, with full notes and many specimens. 



To Charles K. Dodge, for a collection t)f the plants growing in the 

 vicinity of Port Huron, with many notes on variation and distribution. 



To L. H. Dewey, for a list of the plants in the vicinity of Tecumseh, 

 Mich. 



To Prof. W. Hull, for notes and specimens from Albion and vicinity. 



To S. P. Orth, for list of plants in the vicinity of Imlay City. 



To E. H. Moseley, for a list of plants observed near Union City. 



To A. F. Fcerste, for a list of plants observed in the eastern part of St, 

 Clair county. 



To Prof. I. N. Mitchell, for a list of plants collected in various parts of 

 the State. 



To Prof. C. E. St. John, for a list of plants collected in Mason county 

 and in the southeastern portion of the State. 



TOPOGEAPHY. 



Michigan is peculiarly situated within the waters of the great lakes, N. 

 latitude 4145' to 4S20'; W. longitude, 8225' to 9034'. It is divided 

 into two parts, called the Upper and Lower Peninsulas. * The greatest 

 length of the northern portion from east to west is 318 miles, width 80 to 

 164 miles, forming about two-fifths of the State. The greatest length of 

 the southern portion from north to south is 277 miles and its extreme 

 width 259 miles. The total area is 58,915 square miles, with a coast line 

 of over 1,600 miles. 



The general elevation of the Upper Peninsula is 400 to 1,100 feet above 

 Lake Superior, and that of the Lower Peninsula is 400 to 600 feet above 

 the level of Lakes Michigan and Huron. 



The two parts of the State present a striking contrast in many respects. 

 The Upper peninsula may be divided into two sections east and west of a 

 line drawn through Marquette which present very marked surface and geo- 

 logical characteristics. The eastern portion slopes northward from its 

 southern border to a watershed and thence falls rapidly to the shores of 

 Lake Superior. This plateau contains many lakes and marshes, also fine 

 forests of pine intermixed with groves of hardwood. 



The western part is rugged and hilly, some of the hills rising 1,000 to 



