1992 Montana Agricultural Statistics Economic 25 



COWCALP: Producrion Costs and Returns, All Sizes of Operations, West, 1988-90 



Item 1988 1989 1990 



Dollars per cow 

 Cash Receipts: 



Steer calves (1.021 cwt) ^' 95.24 99.49 104.93 



Heifer Calves (0.704 cwt) 60.73 61.80 64.77 



Feeder steers (1.335 cwt) 108.06 111.32 117.20 



Feeder heifers (0.902 cwt) 70.71 73.15 77.06 



Cull cows (0.925 cwt) 40.26 41.38 46.10 



Total, cash receipts 375.00 387.14 410.06 



Cash expenses: 



Feed- 

 Grain (1.77 cwt) 8.62 9.53 8.96 



Silage (0.09 ton) 1.97 1.46 1.55 



Protein supplements (1.03 cwt) 13.11 13.85 13.14 



Salt and minerals (0.36 cwt) 2.02 2.11 2.14 



Hay (1.36 ton) 41.55 37.00 39.62 



Pasture 36.91 38.89 37.09 



Public grazing 1.60 1.71 1.74 



Total feed costs 105.78 104.55 104.24 



Other- 

 Veterinary and medicine 7.55 8.13 8.48 



Livestock hauling 2.87 3.06 3.20 



Marketing 4.45 4.69 4.86 



Fuel, lube, and electricity 11.89 13.59 16.53 



Machinery and building repairs 21.60 22.40 22.83 



Hired labor (5.06 hours) 24.45 25.51 27.28 



Total, variable cash expenses 178.59 181.93 187.42 



General farm overhead 26.49 27.88 28.81 



Taxes and insurance 26.71 28.14 29.50 



Interest 52.81 50.80 50.30 



Total, fixed cash expenses 106.01 106.82 108.61 



Total, cash expenses 284.60 288.75 296.03 



Cash receipts less cash expenses 90.40 98.39 114.03 



Capital replacement ^ 58.69 59.67 61.62 



Total, cash expenses and replacement 343.29 348.42 357.65 



Net cash returns 31.71 38.72 52.41 



Total, cash receipts 375.00 387.14 410.06 



Economic (full ownership) costs: 



Variable cash expenses 178.59 181.93 187.42 



General farm overhead 26.49 27.88 28.81 



Taxes and insurance 26.71 28.14 29.50 



Capital replacement 58.69 59.67 61.62 



Operating capital ^ 6.18 7.31 7.00 



Other nonland capital "'' 26.75 28.89 32.76 



Land "■' 54.21 59.88 66.46 



Unpaid labor (25.8 hrs) 83.41 88.99 93.13 



Total, economic costs 461.03 482.69 506.70 



Residual returns to management and risk -86.03 -95.55 -96.64 



'^ Quanties per unit in parentheses are for latest year and will vary for earlier years. ^ Capital replacement cost is 

 treated as a cash cost. ^ Variable expense items multiplied by part of year used and 6-month U.S. Treasury Bill rate. 



"^ Value of machinery and equipment multiplied by longrun real rate of return to production assets in farm sector. 

 ^ Value of land multiplied by long run real rate of return to production assets in farm sector. 



SOURCE: Economic Indicators of the Farm Sector, Costs of Production-Livestock and Dairy, 1990, USDA-ERS 



