4 BRITISH AND DUTCH 



disinherited sultan, Gura Laya, on his throne. This 

 territory was afterwards ceded to the Dutch by the 

 then Sultan of Bantam in 1778, in which year they 

 established a fort and factory at the neighbouring 

 flourishing Malay settlement of Pontianak, from which 

 they destroyed the rival flourishing and independent 

 states of Mampawa and Sucadana. Pontianak itself, 

 says Mr. Crawfurd, " soon fell in consideration under 

 their influence, until their removal and unrestricted 

 trade once more restored it in our times." They occu- 

 pied it at this time during fourteen years. In 1823, 

 they again possessed themselves of Pontianak, which 

 they now retain. Soon after the Dutch had left Ban- 

 jar, in 1810, the Earl of Minto received at Malacca 

 an embassy from the sultan, requesting the English to 

 settle, which was accepted ; and when Java was taken 

 possession of by the British in 1811, a factory was 

 established there. This settlement was delivered over 

 to the Dutch on the restoration of Java, and they 

 still retain it. The remaining Dutch settlement is at 

 Sambas, on the western coast : it was formed in 

 1823, the Hollanders paying a sum of money to the 

 sultan for the monopoly of the trade. It had previously 

 been a nest of pirates, who were destroyed by Eng- 

 lish ships of war, sent from Batavia for that purpose, 

 in 1812. With the exception of a British residency 

 formed from Balambangan during our short occupation 

 of that island, at Bruni, and which was soon after- 

 wards abandoned on account of internal commotions 

 in that state, these are the only settlements which 



