CLASSES, TYPES, AND .VARIETIES OF THE TOBACCO PLANT. 19 



TENNESSEE AND KENTUCKY AIR-CURED FILLERS. This type is of light to medium weight, free of coarseness 

 in texture and fiber, not gummy or waxy, of sweet and mild natural flavor, clear of any bitterness, generally 

 porous in structure, and of bright or pale-red color. It is entirely air-cured. Its natural absorbing capacity is 

 fully preserved by air-curing. Curing by artificial heat would not only impair its flavor, but impart a highly 

 injurious odor of smoke. Length or breadth of leaf is not an essential. This product is generally grown upon 

 the sandstone lauds or siliceous soils, and is distinguished from the White Burley fillers by having heavier body, 

 less delicacy of structure, and by being less colored. 



PLUG WRAPPERS. 



NORTH CAROLINA AND VIRGINIA YELLOW AND MAHOGANY. The yellow and mahogany wrappers may be 

 considered grades of the yellow type. The highest grade is small in size, with a lemon-yellow color, soft and silky, 

 and has a surface which sparkles in the sunlight, the minute golden grains scattered over the tipper portions of the 

 leaf adding to the brilliancy of its appearance. Other grades follow this, such as orange, dull yellow, and on by 

 imperceptible gradations to the mahogany. The lemon-yellow leaf stands at the head as a wrapper for plug. The 

 chief distinguishing characteristic of the yellow leaf of North Carolina and Virginia is that it will not blacken 

 under pressure when subjected to the processes of manufacturing, but retains its golden luster. The mahogany 

 wrapper is larger than the yellow leaf, displaying a ground of yellow, spotted with red or brown. It usually has 

 more oily substances in its composition, and therefore blackens more under pressure. Western Kentucky, Hart 

 county, Kentucky, and Henry county, Tennessee, produce a leaf unexcelled in the beauty of its yellow color. It 

 is generally larger than the North Carolina and Virginia yellow tobacco, but will not maintain its color in the 

 manufacturing process. The yellow tobacco of Ohio and West Virginia is intermediate in character between that 

 of North Carolina and the West, the former having more oil in its composition than the latter. The yellow 

 tobacco of Missouri and Arkansas very much resembles that grown in Kentucky. It has a brilliant hue, but is 

 open to the objection of blackening under pressure. The yellow wrappers stand very high in absorptive capacity. 



CLARKSVILLE AND MISSOURI DARK AND RED. This type is found in leaf of full weight of body, strong and 

 elastic texture, with good supply of oils and " fat", soft, smoo/th, and flexible in structure, of fine stem and fiber, and 

 the dark wrapper has a port-wine color. The leaf must be of good width, of well-rounded proportions, and free of 

 all blemish, such as spot and worm-cut. Length of leaf has no specific standard, for some forms of manufacturing 

 full length being required, and for others short length being preferred. The highest value of the type is found in 

 the leaf of full length, lied wrapper has the same essential qualities as those described for dark wrappers, except 

 that of color, which must be a full, deep, and solid red. These wrappers are used largely in Canada. 



MASON COUNTY (KENTUCKY) BURLEY WRAPPERS. For many years the wrappers grown in this county have 

 been noted for their great fineness, softness, silkiness, and elasticity. They are of medium size, ruuningfrom a reddish 

 yellow in color to a dark brown. The substitution of the White Burley variety for those previously grown has 

 improved rather than impaired the character of the wrappers. They are used both for plug and for cigars. 



CLASS III. EXPORT TOBACCO. 



ENGLISH SHIPPERS. 



ENGLISH SHIPPERS consist of leaf and strips, which are used, with a single exception, for identical purposes. 

 Until within a short period the larger consumption was of strips or stemmed tobacco, the stem being removed as a 

 special preparation to avoid the payment of duty on it. Recently, however, the consumption of leaf has increased 

 in the United Kingdom, under an arrangement by which the manufacturer is allowed to return the stem into the 

 hands of the proper officers for destruction or for export. In some forms of manufacture, however, the stem is 

 pressed in the leaf into a thin plate and then split, so as to divide the leaf into two parts, as in making strips. For 

 these reasons the consumption of leaf in the different forms of manufacturing in England is increasing. 



BIRD'S-EYE CUTTING LEAF. This is the only type used exclusively in the leaf in English consumption, and 

 consists of a very bright, smooth, thin, and clean leaf, with as little gum and oil as possible. The essential 

 peculiarities of quality are that the color of both the inside and the outside surfaces of the leaf shall be of uniform 

 and similar shades of bright color, and that the stem shall be of a brightish brown color on the outside and white 

 on the inside. Each section into which the stem is cut presents in appearance on its cut surface the eye of a bird. 

 This type was formerly scarce, and was furnished chiefly by the Lower Green River district, in Kentucky; but since 

 the production of light and colored types it has largely increased in the Burley district, and especially in Virginia 

 and North Carolina. 



BROWN-ROLL WRAPPER. This is a bright red or full bright leaf, thin and smooth in texture, of good breadth, 

 resembling in general structure the leaf used for cutting into line-cut by our domestic manufacturers. It is used 

 in England as a wrapper for .spinning brown roll. By filling the wrapper properly with suitable fillers a continuous 

 strand is made and spun of about one inch in diameter, which is packed into a coil, similar to a coil of rope, from 

 which sections are cut for retail. For this purpose it is always stemmed. The brown-roll filler is the material with 

 which the wrapper is filled, and consists of stock of the same type as the wrapper, except that it is of lower grade. 



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