20 TOBACCO PRODUCTION IN THE UNITED STATES. 



SPINNING-LEAF OB STRIPS. This type consists of a long, rich, and oily leaf, of full brown color, good weight 

 of body, strong and elastic texture, and of general smoothness in structure. Recently brighter colors have been 

 more in demand for this purpose than formerly. The types nsed in England for this purpose were of the heavy, 

 oilv, and "fatty" descriptions grown in the Clarksville district, until recently these became so much appreciated in 

 value on account of the German demand for them that the heavy but less oily types of the Lower Green River 

 district were substituted. The recent improvements in machinery used in spi lining enable manufacturers to use 

 material of a lower grade. The purpose for which this type is used is similar to that for which the brown-roll 

 wrapper is used, except that the strand into which it is spun is of smaller size. This is put up and cut for retail in 

 the same manner as the brown roll. A still smaller strand is spun, called lady's twist, but to much less extent now 

 than formerly. The strand of this twist was not larger than the point of the little finger, and was consumed 

 principally in Scotland, Ireland, and the north of England. The wrapper for this consisted of a smaller and shorter 

 leaf of the same general qualities as those used for the larger strand. 



SHAG. This is a coarsely-cut English manufactured product. The supply is drawn chiefly from Indiana and 

 the Green River district in Kentucky. It has but little gum, yet more than the cutting leaf used in the United 

 States. Shag tobacco is really a heavy cutting leaf, and it finds substitutes from Japan, Java. Paraguay, and the 

 Dutch possessions. The principal requisite is that it shall be low in price, so that manufacturers may sell it for tho 

 same price as that obtained before the increase of duty. 



PLUG "WRAPPERS. This type consists of a rich, dark-brown leaf, smooth in structure, medium in size, and 

 strong and elastic in texture. Its consumption is very small, as plug tobacco is used to a very limited extent in the 

 United Kingdom. 



PLUG FILLERS. These consist of a short, common, and imperfect leaf of the same type as the wrapper. 



XAVT LEAF. The "navy plug", in quarters, half pounds, and pounds, is a style of tobacco which gained its 

 reputation during and after the war. The best of Green river redded fillers were the material used for its 

 manufacture, but during the past few years the fashion has turned toward White Burley fillers, and they now 

 compose the largest portion of leaf tobacco used for manufacturing "navy plug" in its various sizes. 



IRISH FILLER. To a very limited extent a short, well-ripened, clean, and oily leaf is used in Ireland for fillers. 

 The Bird's-eye and Irish filler are sold in English markets in the leaf for the special consumption to which they are 

 adapted, and all other types either in strips or leaf. If in the latter, the stem is removed from the leaf by the 

 manufacturer in preparation for manufacturing, or so prepared as to be used with the rest of the leaf. The 

 consumption of strips is much larger than that of leaf. 



SCOTCH ELDER. Scotch Elder is a type of great absorptive or drinking qualities, having a leaf of good size ? 

 very porous, with but little gum, reddish in color, and with medium texture. Mr. Todd is authority for saying that, 

 since the tax in the United Kingdom has been increased, 100 pounds of tobacco will be so heavily watered as to matte 

 155 pounds when sold to consumers. 



SCOTCH AND IRISH SPINNERS. These are almost or quite identical in type with English spinners, and the 

 description made of the latter may be applied to the former. 



CONTINENTAL SHIPPERS. 



FRENCH TYPES may be reduced to two distinct lines of classification, as heavy and light, with considerable 

 irregularity as to grade and deficiency in distinctness as to type. 



TYPE A. This consists of a leaf 23 to 25 inches in length, of moderately smooth appearance, dark-brown color, 

 and not of so much weight of body and substance as the Italian Regie. 



TYPE B. Of the same qualities for both light and heavy as type A, except that the length is 22 to 23 inches. 



TYPE C. This consists of good, sound, clear lugs or common leaf, of moderately heavy body, or running from 

 the Clarksville and western Kentucky type of medium weight of body to lower Green river product of medium 

 weight of substance. These types are used for cigar wrappers, fillers, and binders, for the manufacture of snuff, 

 and for cutting into smoking-tobacco. The heavy types are generally taken from the nondescript part of the 

 Clarksville and western Kentucky districts, and the lighter types from nondescript of the Lower Green River 

 district, of Illinois, and of Indiana. The types vary so much in the French orders that in some years the whole of 

 it may be supplied by the product of the latter-named districts. Those made in the orders of 1880 and 1881 do not 

 class, on an average, much, if at all, above the grade and quality required in former years in the lowest type, C. 

 France is taking from good lugs up to medium leaf, but no very fine tobacco, from the United States. 



ITALIAN REGIE TYPES. 



TYPE A. This is a large, showy, smooth, and silky leaf, 25 to 26 inches long, of fine fiber and texture, and of 

 solid dark-brown color. Moderate weight only is required in this type, and just enough oil and fat to create 

 elasticity and strength of texture. It is used by the Italian Monopoly Company as wrappers in the manufacture 

 of cigars. 



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