CLASSES, TYPES, AND VARIETIES OF THE TOBACCO PLANT. 28 



Stems or midribs used to be exported in large quantities to Germany for the manufacture of cheap grades of 

 snuff and smoking tobacco, and were also employed as manure or for the protection of fruit trees from the borer 

 and other insect enemies. Since the tax was raised in Germany on tobacco and sterns the consumption of the 

 latter, except the finest bright from Virginia leaf, has fallen off cousiderably, and for a year or two past the article 

 has become almost valueless, stemuiers and manufacturers being unable to obtain the cost of prizing and casks. 

 Large quantities of stems, with the trash and sweepings of stemmeries, are now used for inauurial purposes. 



TYPE MAPS. 



In the map which accompanies this chapter the localities in which the leading types are produced are designated 

 by colors. It must not be inferred, however, that no other types than those indicated are made in the districts to 

 which particular types are referred, but only that those types predominate or give character to the district. The 

 types run into each other by such imperceptible gradations that it is often difficult to define with precision the line 

 of separation. 



The portions of the maps colored blue indicate that a heavy shipping leaf, either air-cured or fire-cured, is 

 produced. Eed indicates a lighter shipping leaf, red and colored, also cured by fire; dark yellow the regions 

 in which the yellow tobacco is grown in greater or smaller quantities. Light yellow shows the main White 

 Burley district, though this variety is grown in many other localities, as in West Virginia, eastern Ohio, Missouri, 

 and Indiana, but was not the prevailing type in 1879. A yellow ground, spangled with red, shows where the 

 spangled tobacco, taken in Germany, Eussia, England, and France, is grown a fine, showy article, with but little 

 gum and body. A neutral tint, or drab color, as is shown in the center of the yellow-tobacco growing region of 

 North Carolina and Virginia, shows where flue- and air-cured fillers are made, probably the most highly prized fillers, 

 on account of sweetness and flavor, produced in the United States. The same kind of fillers, though not so decided 

 in character, is produced in Missouri, as indicated by the color. Green shows the locality of sun- and air-cured 

 sweet fillers. Some of these are also produced in Missouri, along with the flue-cured. Seed-leaf and Havana 

 districts are represented on the maps by a chestnut-brown color. In many places within the limits of the blue 

 air-cured fillers are produced suitable for use in domestic plug, but they do not constitute the predominating type. 



It would be impossible to represent by colors the almost infinite varieties of types and sub-types produced in the 

 shipping district, for these types frequently difl'er in the same township or civil district. 



A county is seldom colored unless it produces as much as 100,000 pounds, though there are a few exceptions, as 

 in the case of West Virginia, where a peculiar type is grown over a widely extended district. Strips of other 

 counties that lie contiguous to a well-known tobacco district, as in Wisconsin and in the Miami valley, are 

 frequently colored when the limits of culture are well known. 



VARIETIES OF TOBACCO. 



More than a hundred varieties of the tobacco plant are named in the schedules returned to this office. Of these 

 more than half are either synonyms or designations descriptive of different peculiarities of the same variety. For 

 instance, the Little Orinoco of Virginia is called Brittle Stem in West Virginia and Missouri and Narrow Leaf in 

 Maryland. 



Below are given the names of fifty of the best known varieties, with description of certain marked peculiarities 

 of style, growth, character of leaf, etc., the uses for which they are best adapted, and the states in which they are 

 mainly grown : 



Varieties. 



Description. 



Adoock Wide space between leaves ; ripens uniformly from 



top to bottom. 

 Baden Short leaves, light; inclined to be chaffy j curesafine 



yellow, but liable to green spots. 

 Baltimore Cuba j Long leaf; good body; fino.silky texture; tonga; 



yields well ; sweats a uniform color; disseminated 



by tbe U. S. Agricultural Department. 



By- 



Beat-all (game as Williams) . . 



Belknap.. 

 Ball-face. 



Burley Eed . . . 

 Burley White. 



Clardy 



Connecticut Seed-Leaf . 



Large, beavy leaf; red spangled and yellow when 

 cured. 



Large, spreading leaf; fine fiber; dark, rich, and 

 gummy. 



Sub-variety of Connecticut Seed-Leaf 



Sub-variety of the Prvor; large, heavy leaf, oval 

 shaped ; tough ; small stems and fibers ; a luxuriant 



grower. 



Thin leaf, narrowing toward the tip from center 



Long, narrow leaf; white in appearance while grow- 

 ing ; grows flat, with points ol' leaves hanging down. 



Largo, smooth, heavy loaf, extremely broad; stalks 

 long ; ft hybrid. 



Broad leaf; strong, thin, elastic, silky ; small fibers. 



Uses. 



Wrappers and fillers for plug ; excellent 

 fine smokers. 



Plug wrappers and fillers ; smokers . 



Manufacturing and shipping . 



Export to Great Britain and Germany ; 

 well cured ; makes tine wrappers. 



Same as Connecticut Seed-Leaf 



Heavy shipping; makes good wrappers 

 for plug. 



Cutting tobacco 



Fancy wrappers, and for cutting purposes 



Common plug ; exported for Swiss wrap- 

 pers. 



Cigar wrappers; lower grades for binders 

 and fillers. 



Where grown. 



North Carolina. 



Maryland. 



Ohio (Miami valley). 



Maryland. 

 Tennessee, Virginia. 



Connecticut, Massachusetts, New 

 York. . 



Virginia, North Carolina, Tonnes- 

 see. 



Kentucky, Virginia, Ohio. 



Ohio. Kentucky, Virginia, Mary- 

 hind, Missouri, Indiana. 



Kentucky, Tennessee. 



Connecticut, New Hampshire, New 

 York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Wis- 

 consin, Minnesota ; also in In- 

 diana, Illinois, and Florida. 



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